Deuterium retention in neutron-irradiated single-crystal tungsten

Abstract

Six single crystal tungsten specimens were neutron irradiated to a dose of 0.1 displacements per atom (dpa) at three different irradiation temperatures (633 K, 963 K, and 1073 K) at the High Flux Isotope Reactor in Oak Ridge National Laboratory under the US-Japan PHENIX project. A pair of neutron-irradiated tungsten specimens was exposed to deuterium (D) plasma to D ion fluence of 5.0 × 1025 m−2 at three different exposure temperatures (673 K, 873 K, and 973 K) at the Tritium Plasma Experiment in Idaho National Laboratory. A combination of thermal desorption spectroscopy, nuclear reaction analysis, and rate-diffusion modeling code (Tritium Migration Analysis Program, TMAP) were used to understand D behavior in neutron-irradiated tungsten. A broad D desorption spectrum from the plasma-exposure temperature up to 1173 K was observed. Total D retention up to 1.9 × 1021 m−2 and near-surface D concentrations up to 1.7 × 10−3 D/W were experimentally measured from the 0.1 dpa neutron-irradiated single crystal tungsten. Trap density up to 2.0 × 10−3 Trap/W and detrapping energy ranging from 1.80 to 2.60 eV were obtained from the TMAP modeling.