Abstract
We present two deterministic quantum entanglement distribution protocols for a four-photon Dicke polarization entangled state resorting to the frequency and spatial degrees of freedom, which are immune to an arbitrary collective-noise channel. Both of the protocols adopt the X homodyne measurement based on the cross-Kerr nonlinearity to complete the task of the single-photon detection with nearly unit probability in principle. After the four receivers share the photons, they add some local unitary operations to obtain a standard four-photon Dicke polarization entangled state.
Highlights
Entanglement[1,2,3] plays an important role in quantum information processing, mainly including quantum computation[4] and quantum communication
The polarization entanglement of photons[18,19,20] is disturbed by the noise in quantum channel, so it is not an elegant way to directly transmit the polarization entanglement of photons over a noisy channel
The protocol can be generalized to the distribution of n-qubit (n > 2) Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. This protocol is very important because multi-qubit entangled states have many advantages over the two-qubit entangled states in quantum information
Summary
Entanglement[1,2,3] plays an important role in quantum information processing, mainly including quantum computation[4] and quantum communication. Polarization entangled state distribution protocol over an arbitrary collective-noise channel with the help of the cross-Kerr nonlinearity. In 2013, Dong et al.[24] rendered a perfect entanglement distribution protocol of a four-photon χ-type polarization-entangled state exploiting spatial DOF to depress the effect of collective noise.
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