Abstract
BackgroundThe Kidd (JK) blood group system is of clinical importance in transfusion medicine. JK*A and JK*B allele detections are useful in genetic anthropological studies. This study aimed to determine the frequencies of JK*A and JK*B alleles among Muslim blood donors from Southern Thailand and to compare how they differ from those of other populations that have been recently studied.MethodsA cross-sectional study was used. Totally, 427 samples of dissimilar Thai-Muslim healthy blood donors living in three southern border provinces were selected via simple random sampling (aged 17–65 years old) and donors found to be positive for infectious markers were excluded. All samples were analysed for JK*A and JK*B alleles using PCR-SSP. The Pearson’s chi-squared and Fisher exact tests were used to compare the JK frequencies among southern Thai-Muslim with those among other populations previously reported.ResultsA total of 427 donors—315 males and 112 females, with a median age of 29 years (interquartile range: 18 years)—were analysed. A JK*A/JK*B genotype was the most common, and the JK*A and JK*B allele frequencies among the southern Thai-Muslims were 55.2% and 44.8%, respectively. Their frequencies significantly differed from those of the central Thai, Korean, Japanese, Brazilian–Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Africans and American Natives populations (P < 0.05). Predicted JK phenotypes were compared with different groups of Malaysians. The Jk(a+b+) phenotype frequency among southern Thai-Muslims was significantly higher than that of Malaysian Malays and Indians (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe JK*A and JK*B allele frequencies in a southern Thai-Muslim population were determined, which can be applied not only to solve problems in transfusion medicine but also to provide tools for genetic anthropology and population studies.
Highlights
The Kidd (JK) blood group system is of clinical importance in transfusion medicine
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)anticoagulated donated blood samples from dissimilar Thai-Muslims living in the three southern border provinces of Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat were selected via simple random sampling from the Regional Blood Centre 12th Songkhla, Thai Red Cross Society (TRCS) in Songkhla, Thailand
The results of a two-tube PCRSSP were used to distinguish between JK*A and JK*B alleles
Summary
The Kidd (JK) blood group system is of clinical importance in transfusion medicine. JK*A and JK*B allele detections are useful in genetic anthropological studies. This study aimed to determine the frequencies of JK*A and JK*B alleles among Muslim blood donors from Southern Thailand and to compare how they differ from those of other populations that have been recently studied. The Kidd (JK) blood group system is known to have clinical importance in transfusion medicine. The Jk(a+b+), Jk(a+b−) and Jk(a−b+) phenotypes are common, in contrast to the Jk(a−b−) phenotype, which is found in less than 0.01% of most populations (1−4) but in 0.1%–1.4% of Malays J Med Sci. Jan–Feb 2019; 26(1): 58–65. Polynesians and Finns [5]. The JK antibodies, produced after previous transfusions or pregnancies, tend to cause mild delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) (1−3)
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