Abstract
The paper reports results of research into the influence of higher harmonics of the power source voltage and the load current on power losses in an electric network. The relevance of this study is predetermined by the ever-increasing number of the electric energy pulse consumers, which leads to an increase in the number of higher harmonics at power supply systems. In turn, higher harmonics cause deterioration not only in the qualitative indicators for electricity, but a significant reduction in energy efficiency as well. The study that we conducted has shown that existing analytical dependences of a network's active resistance on the higher harmonics' frequencies are mutually exclusive, contradictory, and inaccurate because they do not take into consideration the geometrical characteristics of the network conductors. Based on the first-order Bessel equations, we have obtained refined analytical dependences of a network's active resistance on the higher harmonics' frequencies, taking into consideration the geometrical properties of wires. It has been established that in addition to an increase in the active resistance value due to the influence of a skin effect, higher harmonics predetermine additional losses caused by an increase in the root-mean-square current value. We present the dependence of additional power losses and efficiency factor in the electric network as a function of values for the load current harmonic distortions coefficient and the coefficients for harmonic distortions in a power source voltage. It was established that the network current higher harmonics, caused by the pulse load, lead to the bigger losses in the network than the higher harmonics from the power source. The results obtained in this study could be used in the calculation of energy losses in electric networks due to higher harmonics and while estimating economic efficiency when introducing filter compensating devices
Highlights
Improving energy efficiency is a priority direction for energy generation and electricity supply systems
That leads to an increase in the content of currents higher harmonics in the electricity supply systems and, to the increased power losses associated with higher harmonics, which necessitate the use
We propose a method for determining additional thermal losses in electric networks of direct and alternating current due to higher harmonics, which are uniquely determined based on the resultant value for the network current total harmonic distortion
Summary
Improving energy efficiency is a priority direction for energy generation and electricity supply systems. To achieve maximum energy effectiveness of electricity supply systems, a clear numerical understanding of the components in power losses is required, as well as methods for their elimination. One should understand the contribution of the load current higher harmonics to the loss of power, to the magnitude of total losses. This is important because the past decades have seen an increase in the number of electric energy pulse consumers, which relates both to household appliances and industrial equipment. That leads to an increase in the content of currents higher harmonics in the electricity supply systems and, to the increased power losses associated with higher harmonics, which necessitate the use.
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