Abstract
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use and the effectiveness of cephalometry and golden proportions analysis of the face in planning prosthetic treatments in totally edentulous patients. In order to apply this method, latero-lateral and posterior-anterior X-rays must be performed in addition to the common procedure. Two main concerns for totally edentulous patients are the establishment of the vertical dimension and the new position of the occlusal plane. The divine proportion analysis was carried out by the use of a golden divider. The prosthetic protocol was divided into three steps and a case was selected for better understanding. Referring to the golden relations, if the distance from the chin to the wing of the nose is 1.0, the distance from the nose to eye is 0.618. This proportion is useful and effective in determining the correct prosthetic vertical dimension. The incisal margin of the lower incisor must be positioned between Point A (A) and protuberance menti (Pm) according to the gold ratio 0.618 of the total height A-Pm. Posteriorly the occlusal plane must be placed 2 mm below the divine occlusal plane (traced from the incisal margin of lower incisors to Xi point). A prosthesis made in accordance with cephalometric parameters and divine proportions of the face helps to improve the patient’s aesthetics, function and social personality.
Highlights
The vertical relation, called the vertical dimension, is a convenient term used in referring to the nose and chin relations which are affected by the distance between the jaws [1]
The aim of our study is to demonstrate the efficacy of cephalometry and golden proportions applied to the face in planning prosthetic treatment in totally edentulous patients
Unlike Broadbent, whose goal was to use this technique to measure changes due to cranio-facial growth, Hofrath’s idea was to evaluate the results of prosthetic reconstruction using cephalometric measurements. It has been mostly applied over the years to the orthodontic branch, cephalometry has proven to be, and still is, useful in providing information for the diagnosis and planning of a valid personalized prosthetic treatment for the edentulous patient [29,30,31]
Summary
The evaluation and determination of the correct vertical dimension of the maxillofacial complex and the determination of a valid occlusal plane are two factors and indispensable characteristics for prosthetic success. They contribute to the physical, psychological and social health of the patient, as they are essential for chewing, swallowing, phonation, tissue health, aesthetics and individual personality. Prosthetists usually divide the patient profile into three equal parts in order to evaluate the vertical dimension. The vertical relation, called the vertical dimension, is a convenient term used in referring to the nose and chin relations which are affected by the distance between the jaws [1]
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