Determination of the protonation constants of electrochemically polymerized poly(aniline) and poly( o-methylaniline) films

Abstract

A method was developed for the determination of the protonation constants ( K H n L n H , L ), the stoichiometric factor of the protonation reaction ( n) and pH of the half-color transition point (pH 1/2) of three different types of electrochemically polymerized poly(aniline) (PANI) and poly( o-methylaniline) (P oMeANI) films. The protonation constants describe the reversible emeraldine base (EB) to emeraldine salt (ES) transition. The calculations of the constants were based on absorbance data obtained from UV–vis measurements of the polymer films equilibrated in pH buffer solutions between pH 2 and 12. It is shown that the protonation constant of the PANI film depends on the size of the acid counter ion, which is incorporated in the polymer film during electropolymerization in aqueous solution. Protonation constants of log K H n L n H , L = 3.5 ( n = 0.57) and 5.4 ( n = 0.56) were calculated for the PANI films prepared from a monomer solution containing 1.0 M HCl [small Cl − anion; PANI(Cl)] and 0.1 M DBSA [bulky DBS − anion; PANI(DBS)], respectively. The UV–vis spectra and pH 1/2 shows that the electrically conducting protonated ES form of the PANI(DBS) film has a high stability and stays in the electrically conducting ES form between pH 2 and 7. In contrast, the PANI(Cl) film is mainly in the non-conducting EB form already at pH 7. The P oMeANI(Cl) film has a protonation constant of log K H n L n H , L = 3.2 ( n = 0.61). It shows, in combination with pH 1/2, that ring substitution lowers the stability of the ES form of P oMeANI(Cl) in comparison to the non-substituted PANI(Cl) film.