Abstract
Roasting process of sulphide copper concentrates in fluo-solid reactor is an oxidation process, and presents the first stage of copper concentrate processing in Copper Mining and Smelting Complex Bor, RTB Bor. Therefore, the importance of accurate and up to date process control is an apparent precondition for the correct treatment in the following stages and also for of high grade cathode copper. As concentrate is fed into the roaster, it is heated by a stream of hot air to about 590?C. The process takes place between solid and gaseous phases without the appearance of a liquid phase. The heat generated by the exothermic oxidation reaction of sulphur from cooper and iron minerals (chalcopyrite and pyrite) is sufficient to carry out the entire process autogenously at temperature from 620 to 670?C. The temperature of sulphur firing which defines the start of roasting depends on physical traits, particle size of sulfides and characteristic product of oxidation. The obtained products of the roasting process are: calcine, ready for smelting in the furnace and gas-rich sulphure dioxide (SO2), well suited for the production of sulfuric acid. The relationship between the quantitative mineral composition of the charge and of the calcine directly points out to the efficiency of the roasting process in fluo-solid reactor. The amount of bornite and magnetite, resulting from the sulfide oxidation is the most important parameter. Hence, quantitative determination of mineral composition is of great interest. In this work, the results of the determination of quantitative mineral composition of the copper sulphide concentrate (charge) and products of their roasting (calcine and overflow) in fluo-solid reactor in the RTB Bor are presented. The aim was to compare the results of the iron, copper, sulfur and oxygen contents determined by two independent techniques, the chemical (HA) and X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD) that is based on the quantitative mineral composition. Differences in the obtained results are evident, but small enough to confirm the reliability of measurement.
Highlights
Polazni uzorci za ispitivanje predstavljaju šaržu uzetu iz pogona topionice u Boru
Na slici 4 prikazane su prosečne vrednosti sadržaja bakra, gvožđa, sumpora i kiseonika na osnovu 30 analiza dobijenih rendgensko-difrakcionom i hemijskom analizom
One se međusobno ne razlikuju mnogo za bakar, sumpor i kiseonik ali je razlika izrazita kod gvožđa, gde rezultati hemijske analize odstupaju od rendgensko-difrakcione analize praha
Summary
U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja mineralnog sastava ulaznog materijala (šarže) i produkata prženja (poletine i preliva) sulfidnih koncetrata bakra u fluo-solid reaktoru u RTB-u u Boru sa ciljem da se utvrdi saglasnost sadržaja gvožđa, bakra, sumpora i kiseonika (kod poletine) koji su određeni hemijskom i rendgensko-difrakcionom analizom praha na osnovu kvantitativnog mineralnog sastava. Stoga je od velikog značaja određivanje kvantitativnog mineralnog sastava. Fizičko-hemijske promene u procesu oksidacionog prženja mogu se analizirati u sistemu Cu–Fe–S. Odnos mineralnog sastava šarže i poletine neposredno govori o efikasnosti procesa prženja u fluo-solid reaktoru. Iz hemijske analize šarže i poletine, izračunava se na osnovu stehiometrijskog sastava sadržaj rendgenski (ili mikroskopski) identifikovanih minerala. Stoga su za kvantitativno određivanje mineralnog sastava potrebna oba postupka. Ispitano je 30 uzoraka koji predstavljaju praćenje procesa prženja tokom 10 dana, pri čemu je svakodnevno uzimano po 3 uzorka i to ulaz – šarža i dva izlaza – poletina i preliv
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