Abstract
This study is aimed at ascertaining the levels of pollution of borehole and well water of selected motor parks in Kaduna, Nigeria. Borehole and well water samples from Abuja junction, Sabo garage, Television garage, Shaba modern market park, Kawo garage, Mando park were collected and analyzed for lead, cobalt, nickel and cadmium using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric technique. Results showed varying concentrations based on location. The results obtained were compared with WHO/NSDWQ standards. Lead was found in excessive levels above the recommended safe limit in the range of 0.04-0.07 mg/l. Nickel and cobalt were within the recommended safe limit in the range of 0.01-0.02 mg/l and 0.002-0.05 mg/l. Cadmium was found in high concentration above safe limits in the range of 0.002-0.012 mg/l. High levels of metals might be associated to the mechanical activities, high vehicle exhaust, municipal waste and other anthropogenic activities within the busy motor parks. The results indicate that most of the samples are contaminated with abnormal levels of lead and cadmium capable of causing health hazards to consumers of the water; this suggests that water found in motor parks require further treatment before consumption.
Highlights
Water is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, nearly colorless with a hint of blue
The mean concentration of some heavy metals and that of some parameters such as PH, Conductivity, Turbidity, Total dissolved solid (TDS) and Total alkalinity were shown in the tables below
The obtained concentration of cobalt was found to be lower than that obtained by Senthill et al, who analyzed for cobalt in ground water found in Coastal Aquifers of Pondicherry Region, India which ranged from 0.0024-0.0506 mg/l [16]. It was observed from the analysis carried out to ascertain the level of some heavy metals in water samples collected from selected motor parks of Kaduna metropolis, the research revealed that concentration of lead exceeds the permissible limits recommended by WHO and NSDQW for both borehole and well water samples
Summary
Water is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, nearly colorless with a hint of blue. Heavy metals are defined as metallic elements that have a relatively high density compared to water. They occur naturally and have a high atomic weight and a density of at least five (5) times greater than that of water [2]. The most ubiquitous of toxic metals in drinking water is lead. Sources of lead exposure include mainly industrial processes, food and smoking, drinking water and domestic sources [4]. Ground water is largely used for domestic purposes by mechanics, travelers, and restaurant owners and even for cleansing during prayers. It is very essential and important to test the water before it is used for drinking, bathing, and cleansing, domestic and other purposes.
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