Abstract
Stearoyl glycerol is the result of the esterification of glycerol with stearic acid enzymatically using immobilized lipase as catalyst. The lipase is immobilized with chitosan matrix with entrapment method. This study aims were to determine the optimum condition of esterification of glycerol with stearic acid based on reaction time and temperature, and reactant mole ratio. The esterification reaction was carried out by varying reaction time (6, 12, 18, 24, 30) hours, reaction temperature (30, 35, 45, 50, 55) °C, and mole ratio of stearic acid : glycerol (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 4, 1: 6, 1: 8), the optimum conditions were achieved through conversion percentage. The produced ester was identified by FTIR spectrophotometer and characterized by the value of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB). The results showed that optimum conditions on reaction time 24 hours, reaction temperature 45°C and mole ratio of stearic acid:glycerol (1:2) produced stearoyl glycerol with conversion percentage of 41.04% and HLB values of 5.01 that was included in the w/o emulsifier type. In addition, the FTIR spectra showed a strong absorption at wave numbers 1703.03 cm−1 (C=O), 1043.02 cm−1(C-O), and 3402.20 cm−1 (O-H) which indicated the characteristic absorption of stearoyl glycerol.
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