Abstract
Milk is a balanced diet and the consumption of milk is increasing day by day in Bangladesh. For public health concerns, it becomes essential to detect the amount of heavy metals in milk and their effects on human health. For this purpose, the potential health risks of adults and children due to consumption of Cow raw milk and liquid Pasteurized milk were accessed. In this research, the concentrations of eight heavy metals namely Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) in 64 samples of raw and liquid Pasteurized cow’s milk were accessed. These samples are collected from 64 different administrative areas of Bangladesh. From this study, it was found that Cu showed the highest concentration and daily intake rate; while Pb showed the lowest concentration and daily intake among these metals. Except for Cr, the value of estimated daily intake (EDI) of the heavy metals was found to be lower than the permissible value. From the results of EDI, it can be concluded that the minor potential health risks may occur due to the consumption of raw and liquid pasteurized milk samples. From Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values, it can be said that there is no chance of non-carcinogenic health risks. From the Target Carcinogenic Risk (TCR) values of As and Pb, it could be suggested that child milk consumers are sensitive to be exposed to carcinogenic health risk.
Highlights
Milk is a vital component of human nutrition and its consumption has risen in recent years (Khan et al, 2014)
The mean value of micro-minerals and toxic metals had shown in the descending order of Cu>Fe>Zn>Mn and Cr>As>Cd>Pb respectively for both raw milk and liquid Pasteurized milk samples
Pb had shown the lowest concentration like 0.013±0.004 for both raw milk and liquid Pasteurized milk samples
Summary
Milk is a vital component of human nutrition and its consumption has risen in recent years (Khan et al, 2014). Raw milk contains 38 micro and trace elements which have been reported from different regions around the world (Nwankwoala et al., 2002; Dobrzañski et al, 2005) Most of these elements have an essential role in human health. Our study aimed to estimate the amount of heavy metals in raw and liquid Pasteurized milk samples and to evaluate their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects due to consumption of this milk. This analysis was performed using various standard methods and the findings were compared to find out their relationship
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