Abstract
Aeromonas are food- and water-borne bacteria that are considered to be zoonotic human pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the presence of genes associated with virulence in human and animal Aeromonas isolates and the potential role of animal isolates with regards to human Aeromonas infections. The presence of aerA, hlyA, alt, ast, laf, ascF-G, stx1 and stx2 putative virulence genes in 40 human and animal Aeromonas isolates (16 human and 24 animal isolates) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA fragments of expected sizes were purified and sequenced. BLAST in the NCBI was used to verify any amplified products. PCR screening showed that hlyA, alt, and laf genes were determined at ratios of 6.25%, 50%, and 6.25%, respectively, in human isolates. The ratios of hlyA, alt, ascF-G, laf, stx2, and stx1 genes in animal isolates were 58.3%, 20.83%, 33.3%, 20.83%, 8.33%, and 4.17%, respectively. Neither aerA nor ast genes were detected in any isolates. Any one of eight putative virulence genes was not detected in seven human and eight animal isolates in the study. The current study is the first to investigate the presence of the virulence gene in gull Aeromonas isolates. The manifestation of the presence of the virulence gene and gene combinations was considerable, especially in fish and gull isolates when compared with clinical human isolates. The current study demonstrates the potential importance of fish and gulls in terms of human Aeromonas infections.
Highlights
Aeromonas are food- and water-borne bacteria that are considered to be zoonotic human pathogens
The current study aimed to investigate the presence of the eight virulence genes in human and animal Aeromonas isolates and their potential importance in terms of human Aeromonas infections
When the sequence data were compared with the existing sequences present in GenBank using the BLAST program, the sequence identity for hlyA, alt, ascF-G, laf, stx2, and stx1 genes were 90%, 88%, 90%, 94%, 97%, and 97%, respectively.In all isolates, hlyA, alt, ascF-G, laf, stx2 and stx1 genes were detected at ratios of 37.5% (15/40), 32.5% (13/40), 20% (8/40), 15% (6/40), 5% (2/40), and 2.5% (1/40), respectively
Summary
Aeromonas are food- and water-borne bacteria that are considered to be zoonotic human pathogens. Methodology: The presence of aerA, hlyA, alt, ast, laf, ascF-G, stx and stx putative virulence genes in 40 human and animal Aeromonas isolates (16 human and 24 animal isolates) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We determined a clonal relationship by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis between a cattle A. caviae isolate and a human A. caviae isolate [12] The determination of such a relationship reveals a possibility that animals other than fish have potential roles in human Aeromonas infections. The pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp. is multifactorial and complex and may include products of a number of different genes acting individually or collectively.The presence of aerA, hlyA, alt, and ast genes could contribute to diarrhea-related virulence [13]. It has been reported that the presence of aeromonads that carry the virulence gene in animals is a risk factor for Körkocaet al. –Detection of virulence genes in Aeromonas isolates
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