Detection of progressive macular thickness loss using optical coherence tomography in glaucoma suspect and glaucomatous eyes

Abstract

To examine the rate of macular thickness loss using time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in functionally progressing versus non-progressing eyes, determined by standard automated perimetry (SAP). Glaucoma suspects (GS) and glaucomatous (G) eyes underwent SAP and OCT imaging every 6 months. Functional progression was determined using pointwise linear regression, defined as 2 contiguous locations losing ≥1.0 dB/year at P<1.0% in the same hemifield. The annual rate of macular thickness loss was calculated from inner and outer regions of the macular map. 72 eyes (43 GS and 29G) with ≥30 months of follow-up were enrolled. Fourteen eyes demonstrated SAP progression. The annual rate of macular thickness loss (μm/year) in progressing eyes was faster (all P<0.05) than non-progressing eyes in temporal outer (-1.90±2.97 vs 0.33±2.77), nasal inner (-1.70±2.66 vs 0.14±2.76), superior inner (-2.15±4.57 vs 0.51±2.99), temporal inner quadrants (-2.58±5.05 vs -0.38±2.34), and the average of inner macular quadrants (-1.84±2.90 vs 0.03±2.10). The rate of loss in the nasal inner (P=0.02) and temporal outer (P=0.02) macular regions was associated with optic disc haemorrhage. Eyes with SAP progression have significantly greater rates of macular thickness loss consistent with glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell atrophy, as compared with non-progressing eyes.