Abstract
Accurate mapping of fast ice deformation can effectively characterize the rheological behavior of fast ice and subsequently improve sea ice model. This study used the Sentinel-1A descending and ascending orbits data to detect the deformations of fast ice in the Baltic Sea. A method for automatically obtaining fast ice edge line by combining interferometric coherence image and SAR amplitude image was proposed. Then, the deformations of fast ice were detected from different incidence angles with the descending and ascending orbits data. The results showed that the deformations in radar line of sight obtained from the descending and ascending orbits data were 38cm and 37cm respectively within the fast ice region of 960km2 in the study area. The continuous strong southwest wind was the principal reason for the deformation, and the deformation direction was dominated by east to west. Moreover, the inner fast ice kept stable and its deformation was smaller due to the protection of outer consolidated ice. The experimental results in this paper showed that the deformation trend and characteristics of fast ice can be better understood by InSAR technology with multi-orbits SAR data.
Highlights
Fast ice is a kind of stable sea ice that grows along the coast, islands, reefs andgrounding ice ridges and is firmly attached to them
InSAR technology has an important role and application prospect in studying the backscattering characteristics of fast ice which is stationary and the small deformation of scattering sources[2].It can map fast ice with high accuracy and robustness in various environmental conditions by InSAR technology [3].Coherence images and interferograms are very significant for analyzing deformation features and estimating deformation factors.The precipitation and temperature rising could result in the decrease of coherence in fast ice, and the impacting of drift ice would cause a great impact on the fast ice boundary to produce dense fringes[4]
The fringe feature of interferogram can reflect the deformation trend of fast ice [5].According to the directions of interferometric fringes, the deformation can bedivided into different categories, and the potential dangers of the ice roads and the possibility of ice surface cracks can be warned[1].The deformations obtained by InSAR technology are in the radar line of sight (LOS)
Summary
Fast ice is a kind of stable sea ice that grows along the coast, islands, reefs andgrounding ice ridges and is firmly attached to them. The fringe feature of interferogram can reflect the deformation trend of fast ice [5].According to the directions of interferometric fringes, the deformation can bedivided into different categories, and the potential dangers of the ice roads and the possibility of ice surface cracks can be warned[1].The deformations obtained by InSAR technology are in the radar line of sight (LOS). This paper took Bosnia Bay of the Baltic Sea as the research area and the deformations of fast ice were studied by InSAR technology with Sentinel-1A descending and ascending orbits data.Firstly, the boundary line of fast ice was obtained automatically by using the texture features of coherence image and SAR amplitude image. The deformations under different incidence angles were obtained by InSAR processing with descending and ascending orbits data. The deformation trend and factors were evaluated by comparing and analyzing the deformation characteristics
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