Detecting and monitoring of voltage and frequency variation and under ground cable fault location using check point method

Abstract

Voltage variations, frequency variations and phase variations are the reason for the failure of Power grid synchronization so in this paper we are monitoring the voltage, phase and frequency variations. For voltage variations we use windows comparator method in which there is a comparison between upper voltage and lower voltage i.e. when the voltage exceeds the normal voltage a real time monitoring application will automatically detect higher voltage and same for the lower voltage that is when voltage in the main line drops below normal voltage the application will show lower voltage. Similarly for frequency monitoring we use zero-cross detector method. Furthermore we have also detected the faults in main line through checkpoint method. In each check point we have step down transformer connected with the bridge rectifier, further following a regulator for constant voltage, capacitor for filtering and a relay which will send on and off pulses to the visual basic showing the load condition either on or off in the specified area.