Abstract
The momentum distribution of ejected electrons from a negative ion induced by an electric pulse is calculated. The transformation of the momentum distribution from symmetric to fully asymmetric form with the increase of the pulse duration τ from zero to infinity is studied. In the adiabatic limit (τ → ∞), the ionization is determined by the tunneling mechanism. In this case, an analytic expression for the momentum distribution is derived. A comparison of numerical calculations with perturbation theory, adiabatic approximation and strong-field approximation shows good agreement in the regions of their validity.
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