Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 4-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives as potent antitubercular agents

Abstract

Based on stereoelectronic feature analysis using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/3-21∗G level, a series of 4-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives with low LUMO energies (<−0.10 eV); concentrated over the nitro group, furan moiety and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl bridge were envisaged as potential antitubercular agents. The target compounds were prepared by condensation of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde with various ketones under acidic condition. The compounds were evaluated for antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and their cytotoxicity in VERO cell line. Several synthesized compounds showed good antitubercular activity of <5 μM along with low cytotoxicity. In particular, compound (( E)-3-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)-1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) ( 3v) was found to be very potent (MIC: 0.19 μM) with good selectivity index (MIC 90/CC 50: >1800). Thus, this study shows the potential of stereoelectronic property analysis in developing improved nitroaromatics as antitubercular agents.