Abstract
In this paper, two new square-lattice photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are designed and proposed. Both fibers have identical structures with five air-hole rings, yet the diameter of air-holes differ in their structures. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with the perfectly matched layers (PML) boundary conditions has been used to investigate these fibers. The proposed photonic crystal fibers exhibit properties of ultra-flattened nearly zero dispersion and low confinement loss in wavelength range of 1.2 to 1.7 µm. Dispersion slope in both fibers is about 7 × 10-3 ps/(nm2.km). Since dispersion and confinement loss of the first photonic crystal fiber (PCF1) at the wavelength 1.55 µm are 0.00249 ps/(nm.km) and about 4 × 10-6 dB/km, respectively, its application as transmission medium in optical communications will be highly favored. Although, the zero dispersion wavelength of the second PCF (PCF2) is 1.45 µm, the confinement loss of this fiber is lower than PCF1 and below 10-7 dB/km in all of the studied wavelength range. Key words: Square lattice, photonic crystal fiber, dispersion, confinement loss.
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