Abstract
Nowadays, virtual predictions are essential in the design and development of new engineering parts. A critical aspect for virtual predictions is the accuracy of the constitutive model to simulate the material behavior. A state-of-the-art constitutive model generally involves a large number of parameters, and according to classical procedures, this requires many mechanical experiments for its accurate identification. Fortunately, this large number of mechanical experiments can be reduced using heterogeneous mechanical tests, which provide richer mechanical information than classical homogeneous tests. However, the test’s richness is much dependent on the specimen's geometry and can be improved with the development of new specimens. Therefore, this work aims to design a uniaxial tensile load test that presents heterogeneous strain fields using a shape optimization methodology, by controlling the specimen's interior notch shape. The optimization problem is driven by a cost function composed by several indicators of the heterogeneity present in the specimen. Results show that the specimen's heterogeneity is increased with a non-circular interior notch. The achieved virtual mechanical test originates both uniaxial tension and shear strain states in the plastic region, being the uniaxial tension strain state predominant.
Highlights
A competitive company needs to produce faster, with better quality and with the least waste of resources
More complex mechanical tests, providing different stress and strain fields are required for a better material parameter identification and a more precise material behavior prediction
Considering the several design optimization procedures and the originated mechanical richness, the most interesting specimens obtained were highlighted. Those are originated using the parameters of the reference solution but changing only the height/width ratio to 2.65; the second solution is obtained using the parameters of the reference solution, but the initial solution was an ellipse interior notch; and the third solution is obtained with the combination of the best parameters that were analyzed independently
Summary
A competitive company needs to produce faster, with better quality and with the least waste of resources. Classical tests are the standard in the prediction of material macroscopic behavior. Several of these mechanical experiments are required for the identification process, originating a very time and cost consuming process. These provide the stress and strain results for a fixed stress state, which do not resemble the complex stress and strain fields originated in many manufacturing procedures [1]. More complex mechanical tests, providing different stress and strain fields are required for a better material parameter identification and a more precise material behavior prediction. Complexity can be introduced thanks to non-standard specimen geometries, complex loading conditions or a combination of both
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