Abstract
A recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) can reduce water and land requirements for intensive aquaculture production. However, a traditional RAS uses a fixed circulation flow rate for water treatment. In general, the water in an RAS is highly turbid only when the animals are fed and when they excrete. Therefore, RAS water quality regulation technology based on process control is proposed in this paper. The intelligent variable-flow RAS was designed based on the circulating pump-drum filter linkage working model. Machine learning methods were introduced to develop the intelligent regulation model to maintain a clean and stable water environment. Results showed that the long short-term memory network performed with the highest accuracy (training set 100%, test set 96.84%) and F1-score (training 100%, test 93.83%) among artificial neural networks. Optimization methods including grid search, cuckoo search, linear squares, and gene algorithm were proposed to improve the classification ability of support vector machine models. Results showed that all support vector machine models passed cross-validation and could meet accuracy standards. In summary, the gene algorithm support vector machine model (accuracy: training 100%, test 98.95%; F1-score: training 100%, test 99.17%) is suitable as an optimal variable-flow regulation model for an intelligent variable-flow RAS.
Highlights
With global economic growth, consumer demand for seafood products is increasing
In order to develop the variable-flow regulation models based on the machine learning methods, water quality indicators, current circulation flow rate, and current backwash frequency were used as input variables, and regulating data for the period (0.5 h) were used as output variables
The optimized parameters were determined by the grid search, least squares, cuckoo search, and gene algorithm
Summary
Consumer demand for seafood products is increasing. A recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) can offer a high degree of environmental control 4.0/). The core of an RAS is the water treatment system, which mainly includes micro-screen drum filters, biofilters, oxidation devices, and disinfection devices [4]. Suspended solids removal is a critical part of water treatment in the RAS. Suspended solid particles have been proven to be the leading cause of high turbidity in aquaculture water, which can cause stress reactions and endanger the health of aquatic animals [9]. Suspended solids removal devices in an RAS can be roughly classified according to the particle size of the suspended matter: sedimentation separation devices, micro-mesh filtration devices, foam fractionators, and ozone generators. The micro-screen is the central working part of the drum filter, and the mesh number can directly affect filtration performance. Gravdal Arve et al [13]
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