Abstract
A unique experimental apparatus for measurement of the surface tension of aqueous mixtures has been designed, manufactured, and tested in our laboratory. The novelty of the setup is that it allows measurement of surface tension by two different methods: a modified capillary elevation method in a long vertical capillary tube and a method inspired by the approach of Hacker ( National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Note 2510, 1-20, 1951 ), i.e. in a short horizontal capillary tube. Functionality of all main components of the apparatus, e.g., glass chamber with the capillary tube, temperature control unit consisting of two thermostatic baths with special valves for rapid temperature jumps, helium distribution setup allowing pressure variation above the liquid meniscus inside the capillary tube, has been successfully tested. Preliminary results for the surface tension of the stable and metastable supercooled water measured by the capillary elevation method at atmospheric pressure are provided. The surface tension of water measured at temperatures between +26 °C and –11 °C is in good agreement with the extrapolated IAPWS correlation ( IAPWS Release on Surface Tension of Ordinary Water Substance, September 1994 ); however it disagrees with data by Hacker.
Highlights
Surface tension is an important thermophysical property playing role in many natural, environmental, and technical processes
The novelty of the setup is that it allows measurement of surface tension by two different methods: a modified capillary elevation method in a long vertical capillary tube and a method inspired by the approach of Hacker (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Note 2510, 1-20, 1951), i.e. in a short horizontal capillary tube
The surface tension of water measured at temperatures between +26 °C and –11 °C is in good agreement with the extrapolated IAPWS correlation (IAPWS Release on Surface Tension of Ordinary Water Substance, September 1994); it disagrees with data by Hacker
Summary
Surface tension is an important thermophysical property playing role in many natural, environmental, and technical processes. The surface tension of the metastable supercooled water can be measured using a modified capillary elevation method when the upper meniscus inside a vertical capillary tube is cooled down, while a liquid column below the meniscus together with a water container can be left at an ambient temperature. Design of the experimental apparatus allows its modification for measurement of surface tension for supercooled water on the basis of a method developed by Hacker [1] In this case, the liquid thread is located inside a short horizontal capillary tube whose one end is connected to the setup allowing pressure variation. A DeltaChromTM, Watrex Praha, s.r.o.; http://www.watrex.cz/ B Purite Limited; http://www.purite.com/
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
