Abstract
In this study, a bidirectional CL3C full-bridge resonant converter was developed using a bidirectional active bridge converter as the main framework to improve conventional LLC resonant converters. A resonant inductor and resonant capacitor were installed at the secondary side of the developed resonant converter. The bidirectional operation of this converter enables zero-voltage switching at the supply-side power switch and zero-current switching at the load side. The aforementioned phenomena enhance the overall circuit efficiency and enable the resonant tank voltage to be increased in the reverse mode, which cannot be achieved with conventional bidirectional LLC resonant converters. The electrical equipment isolation function provided by a transformer made electricity usage safer, and digital control technology was adopted to control electrical energy conversion and simulate bidirectional energy conversion. Specifically, the experiment and simulation emulated how the developed converter enables energy transmission from a DC grid to a battery energy storage system through constant current–constant voltage charging and energy transmission from a battery energy storage system to a DC grid through constant power discharging.
Highlights
Electric vehicle technology has developed rapidly in recent years
The development of electrical and digital technologies and the emergence of environmental awareness among the public have highlighted the importance of power conditioning in public transportation systems, renewable energy systems, and household energy storage equipment, which is commonly achieved through DC converters
DC–DC converters play a crucial role in electrical energy transmission [1]
Summary
Electric vehicle technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Vehicle manufacturers worldwide have introduced relevant technology to promote hybrid and electric vehicles, which are emergent alternatives to vehicles with gasoline engines and which reduce the air pollution caused by vehicle emissions. The ZVS and ZCS functions can be achieved for both modes at the same time This helps to reduce the switching losses of switches for increasing the efficiency of the circuit. The aforementioned issues can be solved successfully, as the complexity of the bidirectional CLLC resonant converter is increasing when the resonant capacitor is placed at the secondary side only This causes the voltage gain equations of the charging and discharging modes to not be identical. CL3C resonant converters can simultaneously achieve ZVS at the supply-side power switch and ZCS at the load side, decreasing the energy losses caused by switching and increasing the overall circuit efficiency [11,12,13]. The aforementioned phenomena increases the circuit’s conversion efficiency, reduces electromagnetic interference, and enables voltage step-up and reduction in the forward and reverse modes
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