Abstract
Surficial failures are shallow slope failures that are usually parallel to the slope face and have a depth of 1.2 m (4 ft) or less. Surficial failures can damage slope landscaping, irrigation, and drainage lines. A particularly dangerous condition can occur if the surficial slope failure mobilizes itself into a debris flow. This paper describes four commonly used methods to repair surficial slope failures. The most economical repair is to use the soil from the failure mass and recompact it into the failed area. This repair method is usually ineffective because the soil shear strength is not substantially changed. To overcome this deficiency, geogrid or cement can be added to the import granular fill during the repair process. Probably the most frequently used repair method is pipe piles and wood lagging. In many cases, this repair is not properly designed and a new surficial failure develops because the pipe piles are overstressed and bend downslope.
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