Abstract

In this paper a Full-Bridge Converter (FBC) for bidirectional power transfer is presented. The proposed FBC is an isolated DC-DC bidirectional converter, connected to a double voltage source—a voltage bus on one side and a Stack of Super-Capacitors (SOSC) on the other side. The control law aims at the regulation either of the bus current (when the load requires power) or of the SOSC current (when the stack requires a recharge). Analysis and design of the proposed FBC are discussed. A Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) scheme is proposed, along with an improved modulation variant for the efficiency optimization, through a proper reduction of the transformer power losses. The realized prototype, compliant with automotive applications, is presented and experimental results are highlighted. The target power level is 2 kW.

Highlights

  • Energy Storage Systems allow the durable collection of electrical energy arising from different sources

  • Investigation of possible power system architectures and power converter topologies in order to properly manage the electrical energy inside a hybrid storage system is an attractive research topic [10–12]

  • A common DC voltage bus is generally used to supply the existing loads and this bus could be either directly connected to a battery or connected to it through a DC-DC converter

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Summary

Introduction

Energy Storage Systems allow the durable collection of electrical energy arising from different sources. With respect to the electrical grid, alternative ways of obtaining power are renewable sources and energy harvesting [1–3]. Among the possible electrical storage elements, batteries and supercapacitors offer significant benefits in terms of energy density and power density respectively, so that their combination can lead to improvements in terms of total cost and efficiency [4–9]. Investigation of possible power system architectures and power converter topologies in order to properly manage the electrical energy inside a hybrid storage system is an attractive research topic [10–12]. The supercapacitor instead shall be properly managed in order to supply the load or to recharge the battery itself—a bidirectional DC-DC converter can be used for this purpose. The mentioned DC-DC bidirectional converter shall be able to control the charge/discharge of the supercapacitor from/to the bus

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