Abstract
This paper is focussed on the development of an axial inflow turbocharger turbine as a viable alternative to a baseline radial turbine for certain applications. Additionally a variable geometry turbine (VGT) technology is incorporated into the axial-inflow turbine to additionally benefit both efficiency and performance. The developed turbine was compared to the baseline in terms of engine performance, fuel consumption and emissions. The design and optimisation of the inlet casing, stator and rotor blades for axial inflow turbine were developed through CFD simulation. Then a VGT system was further developed, equipped with pivoting stator blades. Necessary data at various flow conditions were collected for engine modelling to test the engine performance achieved by the integration of the axial turbine, which achieved a maximum 86.2% isentropic efficiency at 102,000 rpm. The paper further focussed on the design and optimization of a volute for axial inflow turbine. Various initial designs were tested using CFD simulations and the chosen configuration was optimised further to improve overall stage efficiency, which reached 81.2%. Engine model simulations demonstrated that engine power and torque are significantly increased through the application of the proposed variable geometry axial turbocharger turbine.
Highlights
New vehicles around the globe have to comply with emission legislations which are set by the government bodies, with global warming being the main motivator
The eventual aim of this study was to prove the combination of variable geometry turbine (VGT) and an axial turbine in achieving a reduction in turbocharger lag and the improvement of efficiency of the turbine leading to lower emissions, higher fuel efficiency and performance of a small gasoline engine
The preliminary calculations for the axial turbine were based on an existing radial turbine (GT1548 turbocharger)
Summary
New vehicles around the globe have to comply with emission legislations which are set by the government bodies, with global warming being the main motivator. These emission legislations become stricter, reducing the allowance of CO, NOX, HCs and other emissions for the automotive industry. If the average value exceeds the limit the manufacturer has to pay monetary penalty for each registered car [3]. Another problem for car manufacturers is the increasing price of oil, which are used by the majority of the vehicles to produce power. This means that the price for petrol and diesel will increase leading to demand for more fuel efficient vehicles
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