Abstract
Low working efficiency is an important reason for the limited application of the traditional aspirated-air type jujube fruit pickup machine. In this study, a provoke-suction type harvester for ground jujube fruit (PSH) was designed, based on the principle of negative pressure suction after shoveling the jujube fruit mechanically. The main working parameters were analyzed and the structures of the key devices were designed. Then, a three-factor and three-level Box–Behnken method was used to evaluate the performance of the PSH. The results showed that the pickup rate, impurity rate, and working efficiency were 99.36%, 5.63%, and 1672.3 kg∙h−1, respectively; as the forward speed, provoke teeth buried depth, and airflow velocity were 0.21 kg∙h−1, 74 mm, and 26.4 kg∙h−1, respectively. Furthermore, the verification results showed that the pickup rate, impurity rate, and working efficiency were 98.05%, 5.97%, and 1591.2 kg∙h−1, respectively, moreover, the relative errors were 1.32%, 6.04%, and 4.85%, respectively, indicating that the parameter optimization model can accurately predict the test results. The working efficiency of the PSH was significantly improved compared with the traditional aspirated-air type jujube fruit pickup machine. This research can provide a reference for the development of the jujube fruit pickup machine.
Highlights
The results showed that the pickup rate and impurity rate were 96.41% and 1.54%, respectively
The impurities rate of jujube fruit harvester developed by Zhang et al [13] is 1.54%, and the impurities rate Jun jujube fruit and Grey jujube fruit are 3.75% and 4.28%, which studied by Zhang [15]
The results showed that the pickup rate, impurity rate, and working efficiency were 99.36%, 5.63%, and 1672.3 kg·h−1, respectively, as the forward speed, provoke teeth buried depth and airflow velocity were
Summary
The main cultivated varieties are Jun jujube fruit and Grey jujube fruit, which are mainly utilized to process into dried jujube fruit or deep-processing production [2]. They are usually dried naturally on the tree to increase the nutritional components and improve the quality of the jujube fruit [3,4]. At this time, the connecting force between fruit stalk and jujube fruit is small. Traditional harvesting of fruit is an extremely laborious, time-consuming, and labor-intensive operation. Modern agriculture is shifting from tedious manual harvesting to a continuously automated operation [6,7]
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