Abstract
The agricultural sector faces significant challenges due to crop damage caused by animals, resulting in substantial financial losses and maintenance efforts for farmers. To mitigate this issue, a smart electric fence is proposed, energized upon animal approach and deactivated upon their retreat. The system administers minimal shock pulses to immobilize animals harmlessly. Additionally, an automated irrigation system is integrated, activating the pump during dry soil conditions and deactivating it when soil moisture is sufficient. Solar energy powers the entire system. The prototype features infrared sensors distributed across the fence, detecting approaching animals. A high-frequency switching transformer generates shock pulses, controlled by an IC 555 configured in an astable mode. The Arduino Nano serves as the main processing unit, displaying soil moisture and motor status on an LCD and transmitting data via Wi-Fi to a smartphone app. The system aims to provide efficient and sustainable solutions to agricultural challenges.
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