Design and Evaluation of Flex Sensor-Based Wireless System for Force Monitoring in Agricultural Products Transportation

Description of the problem. In the conditions of full-scale Russian aggression in Ukraine, the export logistics of agricultural products abroad has broken down. As a result of blockade of the ports of the Black and Azov seas, the occupation of a part of the regions of Ukraine, it became necessary to use alternative types of logistics and transportation of agricultural products throughout the country and abroad. The majority of the logistics of Ukrainian agricultural products abroad was carried out by sea transport. Taking into account the conditions of wartime and ensuring food security in the world, it became necessary to activate road and rail transport and their combination – the use of intermodal and multimodal transport using the geographical capabilities of the neighbouring countries of the EU. Research methods: comparative analysis of types of transportation, economic and statistical analysis of volumes of transportation of Ukrainian agricultural products, forecasting of export logistics routes of Ukrainian agricultural products to the countries of the EU. The main research results. An analysis of the use of different types of transport in transportation and export of Ukrainian agricultural products was carried out. Alternative directions of export logistics of Ukrainian agricultural products using intermodal and multimodal transport to the countries of the EU have been identified. Ways of developing intermodal and multimodal logistics of Ukrainian agricultural products with the aim of increasing the volume of transportation and export are proposed. Using the possibilities of intermodal and multimodal transport, the need to create transport hubs in the border territories of Ukraine and the countries of the EU is substantiated. The need to improve the transport infrastructure of Ukraine and the countries of the EU based on intermodal and multimodal export logistics is substantiated.

Human activity monitoring and recognition systems assist experts in evaluating various health problems including obesity, cardiac diseases and, sports injury detection. However, these systems have two challenging points; monitoring activities for outdoor applications and extracting relevant features using hand-crafted techniques from multi-dimensional and large datasets. To address these challenges, we have focused on new dataset generation for activity recognition, a novel design of a sensor-based wireless activity monitoring system, and its application to deep learning neural networks. The designed monitoring system consists of one master and four slave devices, and can collect and record acceleration and gyroscope information. The slave devices were attached on arm, chest, thigh, and shank areas of the human body. Activity data were collected and recorded from sixty healthy people for thirteen activity types including drink from cup and cleaning table. These activities were divided into three activity categories as basic, complex, and all, which is the combination of basic and complex activities. Obtained datasets were fed into deep learning neural networks namely convolutional neural network (CNN), long-short term memory (LSTM) neural networks, and convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) neural networks. The performance of each neural network for each category type was separately examined. The results show that ConvLSTM outperforms CNN and LSTM as far as activity recognition is concerned.

In order to monitor in real time the growth environment of a mountain citrus orchard and its variation with spatio-temporal and weather status, the optimal design and evaluation of a wireless monitoring system in a mountain citrus orchard was introduced in this paper. The wireless monitoring system is comprised of end nodes used for obtaining citrus growth environment information including air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture and light; router nodes used to relay citrus growth environment information; and a network coordinator, which performs functions such as managing the nodes, collecting and analyzing the data received from the end nodes, and connecting as a gateway for remote data access. CC2530 is adopted as the core processor of the monitoring system; it has the capability of wireless communication and central processing. The optimal design was introduced in this system including information frame structure suitable for a mountain orchard environment, bidirectional instruction control function, topology discovery, routing monitoring mechanism and node information diversification collection mechanism, so as to effectively enhance the robustness and controllability of monitoring the citrus orchard environment. In this paper, the citrus orchard in the subtropical garden of SCAU (South China Agriculture University) was selected for the test. The orchard hill has sloping terrain; citrus trees are planted by terraced distribution. The average slope is 20 degrees, the citrus trees have a height of 2.8m, their shrub diameters are 3m, and the average spacing of citrus plants is 2.8m. The citrus orchard wireless channel was measured in citrus orchard, and the wireless channel model was established through blocking factor and rain attenuation factor, it was used to guide the evaluation of the wireless monitoring network. Experimental results of RSSI (Receiver Signal Strength Index) and communication quality under different distances and climates show that reliable collection and transmission were available in the mountain citrus orchard when the wireless system was deployed with an antenna height of 1.5m and a maximum single-hop communications distance of 30m. Continuous 744h online test results show that the optimized wireless monitoring system improved the transmission success rate; it has a success rate of at least 99.12% for data transmission within the 30m distance. The system ran well, worked stably, and was suitable for the remote, real-time monitoring of the citrus growth environment in a mountainous orchard.

A design of wireless monitoring system based on CAN bus and ZigBee technology of tower crane has been proposed according to characteristics of the traditional safety monitoring system of tower crane and defects of cable transmission system in this paper. The application of CAN bus and ZigBee technology meets requirements of function and performance and also accomplishs the modular design of software/hardware system in wireless monitoring system of tower crane. It provides a new method to design the wireless monitoring system of tower crane.Keywordstower craneCAN busZigBeewireless monitoring

In this paper, based on the design of the monitoring system, it has been demonstrated that the channel and the type of hardware, the sampling speed, precision and bus standard requirements. Through the PCI-6023E hardware design and simulation design of warehouse monitoring system by virtual instrument,it proves the feasibility of the method. This design will be a positive guiding significance for the future design of monitoring warehouse.

Structural reliability assessment as well as lifetime planning of engineering structures can be significantly improved by efficient design and use of monitoring systems. The design, selection, and placement of monitoring systems and their associated sensors are complex processes and need knowledge about the mechanical characteristics and performance of structures and monitoring systems. Since uncertainties are unavoidable in the design and planning of engineering systems, statistical and probabilistic methods are necessary for (a) the design of a monitoring system, (b) the determination of the necessary number of sensors, (c) the prediction of monitored physical quantities, and (d) the selection among monitoring alternatives. The objective of this paper is to discuss statistical, probabilistic, and decision analysis aspects that allow an effective use of monitoring systems.

Nigeria is an agrarian economy with high production of agricultural products. However, the emergence of Covid-19 disease in the country and its spread across the nation as well as the lockdown policies of the Federal and State governments has compounded the socio-economic condition of the people. It is on this premise that this study examines the effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and the lockdown policies of the government on the transportation and distribution of agricultural products in Nasarawa Eggon Local Government of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted the survey approach applying simple random techniques with the use of a well-structured questionnaire to collect information on the effects of Covid-19 among farmers, traders and transporters of agricultural products in the study area. Both descriptive and regression statistics were used to achieve the collected data. Results of the study shows that Covid-19 pandemic significantly impacted transportation factors (R2=0.553, F=103.238, p=0.000), distribution factors (R2=0.260, F=17.125, p=0.000), and marketing factors (R2=0.559, F=61.871, p=0.000) of agricultural products in the study area. It is therefore concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown policies significantly impacted the transportation and distribution of agriculture in the study area. Therefore, there is an urgent need to curb the menace and for the governments to provide palliative for the people.

In order to overcome the disadvantages of boarding bridge's collapse and scraping the plane without early warning, a design of wireless fault early warning and monitoring system combining ZigBee wireless communication technology and variable sensors which are used to detect vibration, position, and faults, was proposed. The structure of network, the design of hardware and the software modules of the monitoring system are discussed in detail. Experiments show that the application of wireless ZigBee technique with low cost and low-power dissipation makes the monitoring system of airport boarding bridge more flexible and shortens the troubleshooting time. Besides, it could eliminate the cumbersome problem of overall fault diagnosis on site.

In order to detect truck multi-brake temperature in real time, achieve hierarchical warning of high-temperature state, assist driver in completing brake behavior and ensure the safety of the truck brake, a wireless monitoring and pre-warning system of brake temperature for truck safety operation was developed. Based on MCU, milli-volt level voltage signal produced by detecting the brake temperature through PT1000 platinum thermal resistance temperature sensor was sent to LM2904 for signal amplification. Then, the amplified signal was converted to a digital signal by ADS1115 and sent to the receiver master chip and displayed through E31-TTL-50 wireless module. After comparing with the critical value, the system will carry out the hierarchical alarm. This system realized the detection and display of signal in real time and the remote monitoring. In the chapter, the design of the system in hardware and software was introduced. Furthermore, an experiment was conducted to ensure the effectiveness of the system.

According to our country coal mine production safety status, a multipoint gas monitoring and control system based on wireless transceiver chip nRF2401 was introduced. the system included the front and terminal two subsystems. The front system collected multipoint gas signals to the micro controller unit, then sent it to terminal system through wireless transceiver chip nRF2401, The terminal system could not only show the datas from the front system on LCD screen, and set overrun alarm for specified monitoring point, but also could output analog signal and control relay action. Comparing with the traditional wire data transmission mode, the wireless system omits linking lines, so it is simple, cheap and quick. The practical application results show that the monitoring system is stable, reliable and highly accurate, so the system has large potential application value.

This paper presents a design of a monitoring system for solar photovoltaic power plants. A solar photovoltaic power plant uses solar energy for its power generation. The amount of power produced by the solar photovoltaic power plant mainly depends on the amount of solar irradiance targeted on its photovoltaic panels. Other environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed also have minor effects because of their direct or indirect relationships to the photovoltaic cell performance. Although monitoring for a solar photovoltaic power plant has to consider all of these environmental parameters, most plants do not have weather sensors because of economic feasibility issues. To handle this problem, a web-based design of the monitoring system is presented in this paper. Open API of the national weather service is connected to the web-based monitoring system to provide environmental data for each monitoring plants. Web-based monitoring also enables to manage every decentralized plants by the one system with the help of its web-based data collection API.

This paper represents the system design and implementation of a wireless power monitoring system for public buildings, which aims to help the country to save energy and electric power supply service providers to determine effective and efficient energy supply in urban area. Public building energy waste has been a big problem in cities and towns in China for several decades. The main reason for this is that people may forget to turn the electrical power off when leaving as the bill is not paid by them. In our monitoring system, a real time electrical power meter is used to track the operation situation, and the sensed data will be sent to the central control device through gateway. The controller will respond to the abnormal usage of electrical power due to this information. The schematic design and working procedure of each component has also been presented in this paper as well.

This paper introduce the design of monitoring and control system for wireless sensor network based on Modbus/Tcp and its implementation on Visual Studio 2005 platform. It communicates with gateway device and stores the data in MySql database. It also provides important work parameters history curve query function for wireless nodes and gateway which can be a reference for adjusting wireless sensor nodes work state. Manually configuring IP for Modbus server will waste a lot of time. On the other side, the network may disconnect unexpectedly in the industrial field. As a solution, this paper put forward a proposal of recovering from this kind of network fault automatically. Additionally, this paper builds a fuzzy control framework for node transmitting power based on LQI and RSSI.

Traditional civil structure wired monitoring systems suffer complicated wiring, high cost, poor flexibility, and available wireless sensors network (WSN)-based wireless monitoring systems are inconvenient to access the internet. In this paper, based on the 6LoWPAN means: IPv6 low-power wireless personal area network WSN, a new wireless data acquisition system is proposed for structural monitoring applications, which consists of data acquisition nodes, a border node and a remote monitoring centre. The hardware design of the wireless data acquisition system is based on the CC2538 wireless transceiver, and inertial sensors and temperature and humidity sensors are integrated. Based on the Contiki-3.0 embedded operating system, the embedded application software of 6LoWPAN data acquisition nodes and border router nodes are designed. The remote monitoring centre of structural monitoring system is developed using the graphical user interface development environment (GUIDE) tool of the MATLAB software. Experimental testing results show that the system is stable and reliable and can realise interconnection between 6LoWPAN network and traditional IPv4 network. Moreover, the network performance is satisfactory. Therefore, the proposed wireless structural monitoring system has a good practical engineering application value.

Traditional civil structure wired monitoring systems suffer complicated wiring, high cost, poor flexibility, and available wireless sensors network (WSN)-based wireless monitoring systems are inconvenient to access the internet. In this paper, based on the 6LoWPAN means: IPv6 low-power wireless personal area network WSN, a new wireless data acquisition system is proposed for structural monitoring applications, which consists of data acquisition nodes, a border node and a remote monitoring centre. The hardware design of the wireless data acquisition system is based on the CC2538 wireless transceiver, and inertial sensors and temperature and humidity sensors are integrated. Based on the Contiki-3.0 embedded operating system, the embedded application software of 6LoWPAN data acquisition nodes and border router nodes are designed. The remote monitoring centre of structural monitoring system is developed using the graphical user interface development environment (GUIDE) tool of the MATLAB software. Experimental testing results show that the system is stable and reliable and can realise interconnection between 6LoWPAN network and traditional IPv4 network. Moreover, the network performance is satisfactory. Therefore, the proposed wireless structural monitoring system has a good practical engineering application value.