Abstract
This paper presents the design and analysis of a continuously tunable low noise amplifier (LNA) with an operating frequency from 2.2 GHz to 2.8 GHz. Continuous tuning is achieved through a radio frequency impedance transformer network in the input matching stage. The proposed circuit consists of four stages, namely transformer stage, tuning stage, phase shifter and gain stage. Frequency tuning is controlled by varying output current through bias voltage of tuning stage. The circuit includes an active phase shifter in the feedback path of amplifier to shift the phase of the amplified signal. Phase shift is required to further achieve tunability through transformer. The LNA achieves a maximum simulated gain of 18 dB. The LNA attains a perfect impedance match across the tuning range with stable operation. In addition, it achieves a minimum noise figure of 1.4 dB.
Highlights
The number of wireless standards has increased rapidly in the last decade
We provide a comprehensive design and analysis of an input tuning low noise amplifier (LNA) that implements a physical radio frequency (RF) transformer to dynamically tune the input impedance
The LNA stability depends upon the source and the load matching networks, which depends on the frequency of operation
Summary
The number of wireless standards has increased rapidly in the last decade. Together with advancements in integrated circuit (IC) technologies, it has proliferated research in multiband radio systems. An LNA is the first active circuit in the receiver front-end chain of an SDR It should primarily have a high voltage gain, low noise figure (NF) and wideband impedance matching. Input tuning LNAs implement a wideband load and a frequency to filter out interference. Input tuning LNAs implement a wideband and tunable inputplanning matching. Improves the inductive overall degeneration increases the real part of input impedance It further improves the overall gain and gain and noise matching of the circuit. As compared to input tuning LNAs, output tuning LNAs are more susceptible to process variations They need additional passives for designing a wideband input matching network. We provide a comprehensive design and analysis of an input tuning LNA that implements a physical radio frequency (RF) transformer to dynamically tune the input impedance.
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