Description of Deinococcus oregonensis sp. nov., from biological soil crusts in the Southwestern arid lands of the United States of America.

Abstract

Biological soil crusts are distinct habitats, harbor unique prokaryotic diversity and gave an impetus to isolate novel species. In the present study, a pink-pigmented bacterium, (OR316-6T), was isolated from biological soil crusts using oligotrophic BG11-PGY medium. Strain OR316-6T was Gram-positive, short rods, non-motile and non-spore forming. Cells were positive for catalase, oxidase and β-galactosidase and negative for most of the enzymatic activities. The major fatty acids present were C16:0, C17:0, and C16:1ω7c and contained MK-8 and MK-10 as the predominant menaquinones. The cell wall peptidoglycan was of A3β variant with L-ornithine as the diamino acid. Based on the above characteristics, strain OR316-6T was assigned to the genus Deinococcus. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain OR316-6T was closely related to D. aquatilis DSM 23025T with a 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.3% and clustered with a bootstrap value of 100%. DNA-DNA similarity between strain OR316-6T and D. aquatilis DSM 23025T was 37.0% indicating that strain OR316-6T was a novel species. Further, DNA fingerprinting of stains OR316-6T and D. aquatilis DSM 23035T demonstrated that both strains were related to each other with a similarity coefficient of only 0.32 and supported the species status to strain OR316-6T. In addition, phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain OR316-6T from D. aquatilis DSM 23025T. Based on the cumulative differences, strain OR316-16T exhibited with its closely related species, it was identified as a novel species and proposed the name Deinococcus oregonensis sp. nov. The type strain is D. oregonensis sp. nov. (OR316-6T=JCM 13503T=DSM 17762T).