Abstract
Water and energy shortages came due to rapid population growth, living standards and rapid development in the agriculture and industrial sectors. Desalination tends to be one of the most promising water solutions; however, it is a process of intense energy. Membrane Capacitive Deionization (MCDI) has received considerable interest as a promising desalination technology, and MCDI research has increased significantly over the last 10 years. In addition, there are no guidelines for the design of Capacitive Deionization (CDI) implementation strategies for individual applications. This study, therefore; provides an alternative of CDI’s recent application developments, with emphasis placed on hybrid systems to address the technological needs of different relevant fields. The MCDI’s energy consumption is compared with the reverse osmosis literature data based on experimental data from laboratory-scale system. The study demonstrates that MCDI technology is a promising technology in the next few years with an extreme competition in water recovery, energy consumption and salt removal for reverse osmosis.
Highlights
Capacitive Deionization (CDI) and Capacitive Deionization Technology (MCDI) activities have grown exponentially in recent years [1]
Several proven technologies have been in place for decades in seawater desalination, such as; reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis distillation (ED), multistage distillation (MED), and flash desalination known as multi-stage desalination (MSF)
Membrane Capacitive Deionization (MCDI) technology has addressed a variety of applications; e.g. desalination of brackish water, softening of water, and processing of ultrapure water
Summary
Capacitive Deionization (CDI) and Capacitive Deionization Technology (MCDI) activities have grown exponentially in recent years [1]. ● Provides a summary of CDI’s recent developments with emphasis placed on hybrid systems to address the technological needs of different relevant fields. ● Conclude the possibility of factors affecting the energy and water recovery of the desalination system. The study, introduces the main basics data relevant to the capacitive deionization technology (MCDI), with historical and technical context for overall of the system. The study represents the prospect of using the MCDI technology focusing on the current and future application for desalination application. The continuing difficulties in designing and integrating different CDI’s, and the potential to enhance cell design, are addressed. The potential insights on current developments in different CDI cell architectures are presented
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