Abstract

During the last thirty years, both the mechanism and the vitalism has undergone remarkable changes. While the former, persisting in the strictly mechanistic thesis, has grown independent of its ancient antiteleological attitude, the latter, overcome as the doctrine of “entelechy”, has turned out fruitful owing to its other component, i.e. to the idea of autonomy of life. To-day, then, the contention takes place between two totally different points of view, between “machinism” and “autonomism”. Both interpretations of life are equally theories, and not descriptions of pure facts; both are, also, metaphysical thesis. Le mecanisme ainsi que le vitalisme a subi des changements remarquables pendant les trente annees dernieres. Alors que le premier, tout en restant fidele a la these strictement „mecaniste”, est devenu independant de son attitude antifinaliste d'autrefois, le vitalisme, surmonte en tant que la doctrine sur l'entelechie, s'est montre fructueux par son autre composante, c'est-a-dire, par l'idee de l'autonomie de la vie. Ainsi, c'est le „machinisme” et l'„autonomisme”, revEtu du holisme, qui sont en dispute aujourd'hui. Toutes les deux interpretations de la vie sont egalement des theories, et non pas des pures descriptions de faits; elles sont aussi, toutes deux des theses metaphysiques.

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