Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the area of dentin growth in rabbit incisors after pulp capping with plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) by fluorescence. Methods: twenty-seven upper and lower incisors of rabbits were divided into 4 groups: poor PRGF (F1) (n = 9 teeth), rich PRGF (F2) (n = 8 teeth), ProRoot MTA (positive control, n = 5 teeth), and untreated (NC) (negative control, n = 5). Fluorochrome markers were injected 24 h before surgery and the day before euthanasia, 28 days after the vital pulp therapy (VPT). Two transverse cuts were performed to every tooth: the first cut (A), 1 mm incisal to the gingival margin, and the second cut (B), 5 mm apical to the first cut. The sections were assessed with histomorphometric evaluation by fluorescence microscopy, comparing the dentin area between fluorescence marks and the total mineralized area. Results: The higher percentage of dentin growth was observed in the F2 group (B = 63.25%, A = 36.52%), followed by F1 (B = 57.63%, A = 30,12%) and MTA (B = 38.64%, A = 15.74%). The group with lowest percentage of dentin growth was the NC group (B = 29.22%, A = 7.82%). Significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between F2 group and MTA, also statistically significant difference has been observed comparing dentin growth areas of NC group with F1 and F2 groups. Conclusions: The application of PRGF rich and poor fraction as a pulp capping material stimulated dentin formation more intensively than MTA and NC.
Highlights
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) has been used for the treatment of deep caries and reversible pulpitis with good results, having reported successful outcomes for vital pulp therapy (VPT) even in cariously exposed pulps of vital teeth with irreversible pulpitis [1]
All animals were treated according to the guidelines for the care and use of experimental animals of the European Communities Council Directive of 24 November 1986 (86/609/EEC), complying with Basel Declaration, the ARRIVE guidelines and in accordance with local laws and regulations
27 samples were submitted to analysis: were maxillary incisors (48.1%) and mandibular incisors
Summary
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) has been used for the treatment of deep caries and reversible pulpitis with good results, having reported successful outcomes for VPT even in cariously exposed pulps of vital teeth with irreversible pulpitis [1]. The success rates of VPT have increased, even in permanent teeth, with an outcome rate of 73.2% for direct pulp capping, 96.4% for partial pulpotomy, and 77.8% for full pulpotomy [1] These results have been possible thanks to a better understanding of pulp physiology (in the initial stages, a partial irreversible pulpitis could be limited only to the coronal area of the pulp), a proper diagnosis coupled with a careful case selection, improved clinical protocols, the application of bioactive molecules, and new capping materials and the completion of a final restoration.
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