Dental Tissue Engineering by Neural Differentiation of Dental Stem Cells and Nano-systems: A Review

Abstract

Background: Pulpitis is a pulpal inflammation. It generally occurs when there is inflammation within a tooth as a result of anything like grinding or decay. After dental inflammation, microcirculation and sensory nerve activity seem to play the most critical role in reducing inflammation. Therefore, researchers emphasize the study of dental nerve activity, especially in acute clinical problems in inflamed teeth and pulp regeneration. This review aims to investigate the possibility of using dental stem cells to regenerate dental nerves in order to repair dentin-pulp complexes for maintaining and restoring tooth structure and function, which nanosystems can help in this matter. Materials and Methods: In this paper, we review the literature regarding the theory of dental tissue engineering by neural differentiation of dental stem cells and nano-systems, and the comprehensive search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted up to July 2022. Results: According to recent studies, dental soft and hard tissue healing also includes nerve fibers. A deeper understanding of how dental nerves are implicated in pulpitis may assist endodontic treatment. Stem cell-based treatments may be used to regenerate dental nerves to repair dentin-pulp complexes to maintain and restore tooth structure and function. Conclusion: The emphasis on dental nerve regeneration appears to be a critical stage in fostering spontaneous tooth regeneration as well as a sustainable tooth regeneration method. It is essential to further investigate dental tissue engineering by neural differentiation of dental stem cells.