Abstract

The demagnetization factors for a material with an arbitrary permeability tensor Μ and with general ellipsoidal shape are found. These demagnetization factors are used to relate the bulk lower critical field H c1 in anisotropic superconductors to the angles of the external applied field. It is found that the anomalies in the angular dependence of H c1 predicted by Klemm and Clem for highly anisotropic bulk superconductors are also present for materials of highly aspherical shape. The special cases of highly oblate and prolate spheroids, corresponding to the layered and filamentary superconductors, are considered in detail.

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