Abstract
Aedes aegypti acts as a vector for several arboviral diseases that impose a major socio-economic burden. Moreover, the absence of a vaccine against these diseases and drug resistance in mosquitoes necessitates the development of new control strategies for vector-borne diseases. ABC transporters that play a vital role in immunity and other cellular processes in different organisms may act as non-canonical immune molecules against arboviruses, however, their role in mosquito immunity remains unexplored. This study comprehensively analyzed various genetic features of putative ABC transporters and classified them into A-H subfamilies based on their evolutionary relationships. Existing RNA-sequencing data analysis indicated higher expression of cytosolic ABC transporter genes (E & F Subfamily) throughout the mosquito development, while members of other subfamilies exhibited tissue and time-specific expression. Furthermore, comparative gene expression analysis from the microarray dataset of mosquito infected with dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses revealed 31 commonly expressed ABC transporters suggesting a potentially conserved transcriptomic signature of arboviral infection. Among these, only a few transporters of ABCA, ABCC and ABCF subfamily were upregulated, while most were downregulated. This indicates the possible involvement of ABC transporters in mosquito immunity.
Highlights
IntroductionDENV is one of the most dangerous infections, which inflicts over 390 million individuals annually with nearly half of the world population at the risk of infection [1,2]
The Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) mosquito transmits a wide range of arboviruses such as dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), West Nile (WNV), yellow fever (YFV) and
We have identified a total of 59 putative ABC transporter genes from Ae. aegypti genome assembly 5 (AaegL5) [25], which is in contrast to previous studies performed by Lu et al and Figueira-Mansur et al [26,28] that reported 69 and 53 ABC transporters, respectively from Ae. aegypti genome
Summary
DENV is one of the most dangerous infections, which inflicts over 390 million individuals annually with nearly half of the world population at the risk of infection [1,2]. The large human population, expanding urbanization, a significant increase in trade as well as tourism, and climate change are the major contributing factors to augment the disease transmission [3]. Various efforts to eliminate or control the mosquito vectors have faced a significant setback due to the development of insecticide resistance and the unavailability of effective disease transmission-blocking vaccines. These facts substantiate a need to understand the mechanisms and factors responsible for the disease transmission and to develop strategies for its control
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