Abstract
AbstractQuantitative information relating the effects of delayed emergence caused by soil crusting to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedling vigor are needed to improve the technology for stand establishment. A greenhouse study measured the effect of crusted soil (Amarillo fine sandy loam, Aridic Paleustalfs) in delaying emergence for 50, 100, and 150% of normal emergence time for constant soil temperatures of 20, 25, and 30 C. Measurements of maximum emergence, seedling survival, hypocotyl diameter, and root disease rating were used as indicators of seedling vigor. Regression analysis indicated that seedling survival and hypocotyl diameter were minimal at 26 and 24 C, respectively, and root disease rating had a maximum value at 24 C. Seedling emergence and survival were significantly reduced when emergence was delayed between 50 and 100% of the normal emergence period, but almost all increase in hypocotyl diameter occurred in the first 50% delay. Estimates of reductions in vigor for seedlings emerging through crusted soil should be possible by measuring the degree of emergence delay and/ or hypocotyl diameter
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