Abstract
Vapor-phase catalytic dehydration of 1,3-butanediol was investigated over rare earth oxides (REOs) calcined at different temperatures. In the dehydration of 1,3-butanediol over REOs such as Dy 2O 3, Ho 2O 3, Er 2O 3, Tm 2O 3, Yb 2O 3, Lu 2O 3, and Y 2O 3, 3-buten-2-ol and 2-buten-1-ol were preferentially produced. REOs exhibited different catalytic activities in the dehydration of 1,3-butanediol depending on their crystal structures. CeO 2 showed the highest formation rate with the highest selectivity to the unsaturated alcohols among the REOs. Cubic REOs also selectively produced the unsaturated alcohols: cubic Er 2O 3, Yb 2O 3, and Lu 2O 3 showed high formation rate of the unsaturated alcohols. Since the formation rates of the unsaturated alcohols over Er 2O 3 and CeO 2 were suppressed in CO 2 and NH 3 carrier gas flows more than in H 2 flow, it is probable that the acid–base sites play a major role of the formation of the unsaturated alcohols.
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