Abstract
This paper presents the results of analyzing the data available in the literature on the structure and properties of silicate glasses and melts that contain Ti4+, Al3+, and Fe3+ cations in addition to alkali and alkaline-earth cations. It is established that the aforementioned multivalent cations in glasses and melts have a coordination number of four and play the role of network-formers. Aluminosilicate glasses and melts with the mole fraction ratio Al2O3/M 2(M′)O = 1 are of special interest. For these glasses, the structure is considered to be completely polymerized and, contrary to traditional concepts, their properties depend on the concentration ratio Al2O3/SiO2. Taking into account that the structure of aluminosilicate glasses involves unusual structural units (such as triclusters) and a certain number of nonbridging oxygen atoms, a formula is proposed for calculating the degree of polymerization. The proposed formula is used to calculate the degree of polymerization for a number of Na2O · Al2O3 · mSiO2 glasses and the CaO · Al2O3 · 2SiO2 glass. It is demonstrated that the calculated degrees of polymerization correlate with the experimentally measured viscosities of the relevant melts.
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