Deepfaking the past: Memory and perceived truth of resurrected historical figures

D.B.WorthenHeroes of Pharmacy: Professional Leadership in Times of Change2nd2012American Pharmacists AssociationWashington, D.C496$39.95 (hardcover), ISBN 9781582121635

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to characterize the role of historical figures who act in the modern artistic text and contribute to a better understanding of the philosophical concept of the work. The subject of the study is Volodymyr Danylenko’s novel “Love in the Baroque style” and the peculiarities of the author’s interpretation of the historical figures, which are included in the plot of the modern novel. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the activity of historical images in V. Danylenko’s novel “Love in the Baroque style”, to characterize their role in the realization of an artistic idea. The problem is that the artistic reproduction of the activities of historical figures in the novel contributes to a better understanding of the events that occur in the fate of the main characters of the work, which are fictional. This is not a historical novel, but in the plot structure, it has many historical facts and characters acting under circumstances, unusual for them, because it is not their historical era that is reproduced, but rather the era’s consequences, and the work thus acquires the features of a postmodern reproduction of events. As a result of the study, a generalization was made that V. Danylenko refers to different historical eras of our country: from the time of Kyivan Rus, in particular, the novel mentions events related to the baptism of the state by Volodymyr the Great, the Cossack era (mentions of Ivan Mazepa, Danylo the Apostle, Kyrylo Razumovsky), and to the history of the 20th century. Some episodes and figures are mentioned in the novel casually, in the context of a story about the history of a building or a street, while others are presented in greater detail in the context of the history of the country’s development. Mystified stories about historical figures in the novel intrigue the reader, and captivate with an unexpectedly logical addition to the main storyline. Images of famous historical Ukrainian figures, and representatives of other states — their activities are one way or another centered around Ukraine. It is proven that V. Danylenko connects each personality to the history of Ukraine and architectural objects of Kyiv. It is concluded that each character is revealed to the reader in a new author's vision and understanding of their actions. A characteristic feature of historical stories is their reflection in the traditions of magical realism with Gothic elements. The author emphasizes the decisive influence of mystical events and characters (a demon, a fortune teller, a mysterious stranger, a statuette, etc.) on the future fate of a historical personality. Creating the effect of a “know-it-all”, the writer sees a certain mysticism in their fate, and his imagination and fantasy make it possible to embody unreal events in the realistic background of the novel. The prospects of the research of reflecting the historical figures’ activities in modern novels are the study of modern works of art in the context of intertextual analysis, the philosophical understanding of the reasons for using the characteristics of different historical figures of different time spaces in the plane of the text.

Preface. To the Student. To the Instructor. Acknowledgements. 0. Prologue. 1. Numbers, Rational and Irrational. (Historical figures: Pythagoras and Hypatia). 1.1 Numbers and the Greeks. 1.2 Numbers you know. 1.3 A First Look at Proofs. 1.4 Irrationality of he square root of 2. 1.5 Using Quantifiers. 2. Mathematical Induction. (Historical figure: Noether). 2.1.The Principle of Mathematical Induction. 2.2 Strong Induction and the Well Ordering Principle. 2.3 The Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden Ratio. 2.4 The Legend of the Golden Ratio. 3. Divisibility and Primes. (Historical figure: Eratosthenes). 3.1 Basic Properties of Divisibility. 3.2 Prime and Composite Numbers. 3.3 Patterns in the Primes. 3.4 Common Divisors and Common Multiples. 3.5 The Division Theorem. 3.6 Applications of gcd and lcm. 4.The Euclidean Algorithm. (Historical figure: Euclid). 4.1 The Euclidean Algorithm. 4.2 Finding the Greatest Common Divisor. 4.3 A Greeker Argument that the square root of 2 isIrrational. 5. Linear Diophantine Equations. (Historical figure: Diophantus). 5.1 The Equation aX + bY = 1. 5.2 Using the Euclidean Algorithm to Find a Solution. 5.3 The Diophantine Equation aX + bY = n. 5.4 Finding All Solutions to a Linear Diophantine Equation. 6. The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. (Historical figure: Mersenne). 6.1 The Fundamental Theorem. 6.2 Consequences of the Fundamental Theorem. 7. Modular Arithmetic. (Historical figure: Gauss). 7.1 Congruence modulo n. 7.2 Arithmetic with Congruences. 7.3 Check Digit Schemes. 7.4 The Chinese Remainder Theorem. 7.5 The Gregorian Calendar. 7.6 The Mayan Calendar. 8. Modular Number Systems. (Historical figure: Turing). 8.1 The Number System Zn: an InformalView. 8.2 The Number System Zn: Definitionand Basic Properties. 8.3 Multiplicative Inverses in Zn. 8.4 Elementary Cryptography. 8.5 Encryption Using Modular Multiplication. 9. Exponents Modulo n. (Historical figure: Fermat). 9.1 Fermat's Little Theorem. 9.2 Reduced Residues and the Euler \phi-function. 9.3 Euler's Theorem. 9.4 Exponentiation Ciphers with a Prime modulus. 9.5 The RSA Encryption Algorithm. 10. Primitive Roots. (Historical figure: Lagrange). 10.1 Zn. 10.2 Solving Polynomial Equations inZn. 10.3 Primitive Roots. 10.4 Applications of Primitive Roots. 11. Quadratic Residues. (Historical figure: Eisenstein) 11.1 Squares Modulo n 11.2 Euler's Identity and the Quadratic Character of -1 11.3 The Law of Quadratic Reciprocity 11.4 Gauss's Lemma 11.5 Quadratic Residues and Lattice Points. 11.6 The Proof of Quadratic Reciprocity. 12. Primality Testing. (Historical figure: Erdos). 12.1 Primality testing. 12.2 Continued Consideration of Charmichael Numbers. 12.3 The Miller-Rabin Primality test. 12.4 Two Special Polynomial Equations inZp. 12.5 Proof that Millar-Rabin is Effective. 12.6 Prime Certificates. 12.7 The AKS Deterministic Primality Test. 13. Gaussian Integers. (Historical figure: Euler). 13.1 Definition of Gaussian Integers 13.2 Divisibility and Primes in Z[i]. 13.3 The Division Theorem for the Gaussian Integers. 13.4 Unique Factorization in Z[i]. 13.5 Gaussian Primes. 13.6 Fermat's Two Squares Theorem. 14. Continued Fractions. (Historical figure: Ramanujan). 14.1 Expressing Rational Numbers as Continued Fractions. 14.2 Expressing Irrational Numbers as Continued Fractions. 14.3 Approximating Irrational Numbers Using ContinuedFractions. 14.4 Proving that Convergents are Fantastic Approximations. 15. Some Nonlinear Diophantine Equations. (Historical figure: Germain). 15.1 Pell's Equation 15.2 Fermat's Last Theorem 15.3 Proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for n = 4. 15.4 Germain's Contributions to Fermat's Last Theorem 15.5 A Geometric look at the Equation x4 +y4 = z2. Appendix: Axioms of Number Theory. A.1 What is a Number System? A.2 Order Properties of the Integers. A.3 Building Results From Our Axioms. A.4 The Principle of Mathematical Induction.

This chapter explores ways to think about historical “stuff” and how to use objects to create a rich presentation and understanding of both time periods and historical figures. Items can help “set the stage” while also offering insight into subtle details about specific people, like their tastes and movements and whether they were right- or left-handed. These details help make the past come alive and provide avenues for people to make deep personal connections with historical events and figures. For teachers, objects can enrich their lessons by literally setting the stage with the items that witnessed historical activities and periods. Their students, on the other hand, might find that objects can help turn abstract historical events and figures into tangible happenings and people. This chapter discusses material culture studies and ways to interrogate objects before examining how objects can help inform interpretation.

From a sociocultural perspective, historical empathy emphasizes the reconstruction of perspectives and experiences needed to understand historical figures’ actions and lived experiences. Yet, historical evidence that informs pluralistic lived experiences may often be lacking. Arts integration, which simultaneously draws upon artistic and disciplinary practices, may be a promising avenue for informing engagement in historical empathy by harnessing the humanizing power of art. This descriptive case study explored that possibility by examining Arts Integrated Historical Empathy’s (AIHE) capacity for informing preservice social studies teachers’ (PSTs) pluralistic engagement with historical figures’ lived experiences and their subsequent efforts toward instructional planning for the secondary classroom. Analysis of recorded discussions, work products, written reflections, interviews, and the PSTs’ instructional planning revealed that arts integration added a sense of realism to historical figures’ contextually specific circumstances, fostered reflexive connections to historical figures’ perspectives and affective responses, and promoted pluralistic engagement with historical figures’ socioculturally situated perspectives. Moreover, the creation process embedded in AIHE played a crucial role in promoting engagement and display of historical empathy. However, despite recognizing and reflecting on these affordances, the PSTs struggled to plan inquiries that balanced disciplinary and artistic priorities to take advantage of AIHE’s mutually reinforcing elements.

Who Tells Your Story? Analyzing a Century of Utah History

This chapter attempts to make a comprehensive review of the achievements and defects of studies on historical figures in the past 60 years within the author’s capacity. History is created by human beings, and thus historical figures have always been the focus of historical studies. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in October 1949, a new value appraisal system was established in historical figure researches, in which Marxist historical materialism and dialectical materialism held a dominant position. Under the new value system, the old bigwig-centered historical view of heroism was spurned; subsequently, studies on modern Chinese historical figures underwent unprecedented changes. Since the theoretical issue was the guide for historical figure studies, historians contended on how to conduct theoretical studies on historical figures.

The paper titled “Allegorization of History in Burial at Sea” investigates Khushwant Singh's novel as an allegorized history of post-independent India. Published in 2005, Singh's narrative intertwines the lives of fictional characters with historical figures. Using a combination of textual analysis and historical data, this study examines how Singh's portrayal of these characters serves as an allegorical representation of broader historical narratives. By analyzing the allegorical elements within the novel, the study reveals how Singh's fictionalization serves to critique the idealized images of prominent historical figures, such as Jawaharlal Nehru, and the socio-political dynamics of their time. The findings suggest that Singh's work offers a complex re-interpretation of historical events and figures, highlighting the intersection of fiction and history. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the discourse on the allegorical nature of historical fiction. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of how fictional works can reshape our perceptions of historical reality.


 
 
 Este artigo analisa os procedimentos de figuração utilizados por Eça de Queirós nas crónicas de imprensa, publicadas no jornal A Atualidade no fim da década de 70. Entendendo a escrita paraficcional queirosiana como um exercício de ensaio para estratégias ficcionais e, partindo do princípio da relevância que a personagem assume nos romances do escritor, demonstra- -se como são modeladas ficcionalmente as diversas figuras históricas que povoam estas crónicas. Examina-se como estas personagens são um caso especial daquilo a que podemos chamar de dupla figuração: aquela que é inicialmente feita pelo discurso de imprensa a que acresce a releitura de Eça. De facto, quer se trate das personagens históricas reconhecidas, quer de figuras do universo popular, todas elas resultam de uma seleção, sujeita ao crivo humorístico do cronista. Desconstruir, pela sátira e pelo ridículo, a seriedade e importância de um país como a Inglaterra, parte do imaginário civilizado europeu, parece ser uma das finalidades desta correspondência, dando continuidade a um tipo de registo tipicamente queirosiano, estimu- lado pela arguta capacidade de observador e de leitor crítico.
 
 

Street naming is commonly used to give directions to some places. Moreover, street names can be used to memorialize some figures, for instance, historical figures. In this case, Banyumas Regency, one of the regencies in Indonesia, mostly creates street names by implementing historical figure names. Consequently, this paper aims to explore commemorative street naming revealing historical figures as cultural memory and representation in Banyumas Regency. Specifically, this paper examines the classification of the historical figures created as street names and their historical relations to the Banyumas Regency, whether connected or not. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected from multiple sources and analyzed by identifying the commemorative street names related to each figure's historical figures and historical background in Banyumas Regency. In this investigation, the findings show that the commemorative street names of the historical figures in Banyumas Regency applied four historical figure name classifications: heroes, religious figures, political figures, and others. The dominant street names of historical figures come from the hero names. Moreover, the street names with robust connectivity related to Banyumas’ history, political figures and other figure names. The street names of heroes and religious figures are identified as national figures who are related and unrelated to Banyumas’ history. In contrast, the street names of the political figures and others came from local figures who had roles and struggled in Banyumas. In this research, to conclude, the street names in Banyumas Regency are formed diversely to commemorate and tribute the figures influenced by politics and cultural systems. Therefore, it can implicitly describe or explain the understanding of the past from generation to generation, so it becomes a cultural memory and representation embodied in Banyumas’ citizens.

In the article the socio-political and historical activities of A.Zh. Mashanovwere characterized, his participa-tion in the historical and political processes wasindicated, the interdependence and interrelation of these pro-cesses wererevealed, attention wasfocused on the study of the life of the scientist as a historical figure and political subject, his contribution to historical science wasexplored, his performance as the driving force of the political process in the country, givedan idea of the types of historical and political figures.

Hurshid Devran was born on January 20, 1952 in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. H. Devran; he became one of the leading poets and writers of Uzbek Literature with his works written in epic, poetry, drama, theatre, story and translation. In the works he wrote in the field of poetry, homeland, nation, flag, language, independence, historical figures, poet, poetry, spring, autumn, nature etc. themes are often included. He frequently emphasized the historical, geographical and cultural characteristics of Uzbekistan in order to create national consciousness among the Uzbek people in his works on Uzbek Literature of the Independence Period. However, Kashgarli Mahmud, Alisher Nava’i, Zahiriddin Muhammed Babur, Musa Aybek, Maksud Shehzada, Mirtemir, Osman Nasir, Abdülhamid Süleyman Cholpan etc. He mainly gave place to historical and literary figures in his poems. In the study, the concepts of Uzbekistan and national identity that Hurshid Devran used in his poems about homeland, nation, language, flag and independence were evaluated. In addition, a detailed analysis of H. Devran’s poems in which he describes the cultural characteristics of the geography he lived in and historical cities was made. At the same time, the poet's works were analyzed in terms of literary theories and stylistic features. Based on this study, detailed information about the life of the artist and the structure of the society he lived in was obtained.

American National Biography provides access through a subscription to biographies of over 19,000 historical figures that helped to shape American history. The biographies span from pre-World War II to the present, with an emphasis on historical and cultural figures. The price varies and is based on subscription type and institution or a personal subscription, but primarily on number of users. The interface could use improvement in its advanced search features, response to queries, and incorporating automated responses. But searchability by occupation is a benefit. The content is ideal for basic research, serving needs of schools, the public, academics, and individuals with its concise content on each individual.

Rousing Generation Z's (Gen Z) interest in historical nursing theorists presents a challenge for nurse educators. An innovative method for engaging Gen Z with historical figures in nursing involves the use of artificial intelligence. Undergraduate nursing students were assigned a historical nursing theorist to interview using ChatGPT (OpenAI). To start a historical conversation, a prompt must be created for ChatGPT. Following the prompt, students developed their own list of interview questions for the assigned nurse theorist. The students tested the limits of ChatGPT by fact checking information and searching scholarly sources for any inaccuracies. This learning activity helped bring to life historical nursing figures while strengthening information literacy skills through cross-referencing information. The assignment accommodated different learning styles by incorporating compelling narratives and engaging discussions, as well as sparked curiosity and brought nursing's history to life.

The purpose of the article is to examine the creative work of the artist Artur Orlionov in the context of the development of contemporary historical and battle painting, focusing on the themes and series of works, general techniques and methods of artistic representation. The research methodology consists in the application of general scientific and special research methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalisation and abstraction, rerview and analysis, description and comparison, which helped to analyse the works of A. Orlionov. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the work of the contemporary Kyiv artist A. Orlionov became the subject of a scientific study, within which the generalisation and a brief systematisation of the thematic focus of artistic works were carried out, as well as the historical and artistic dominants of the works, stylistic features of the construction were determined. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that A. Orlionov belongs to the generation of contemporary artists of the historical and battle genre, representing the Kyiv school of painting. His creative work reflects a significant chronological range of Ukrainian history, starting with Kyivan Rus, the Ukrainian Middle Ages, the Cossack era, the Liberation Movement and the modern period. According to the plot and number of works, they can be combined into separate series. In terms of the plot, A. Orlionov's works include depictions of battle scenes, thematic paintings of historical significance, portraits of outstanding figures of Ukrainian history. A. Orlionov's work belongs to modern examples of Ukrainian historical and battle painting, which, based on the study of numerous sources and facts, contains the author's understanding and interpretation of important historical events and figures of different periods of Ukrainian history. Key words: historical and battle painting, Kyiv school of painting, artist Artur Orlionov, National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture, composition, stylistic dominants, battles, historical figures, history of Ukraine.