Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this report, the decolorization features of extracellular enzymes and mycelia separately prepared from Aspergillus sp. TS-A CGMCC 12,964 (120 h) were investigated. The fermentation broth of TS-A degraded 98.6% of Mordant Yellow 1 (50 mg/L) at an initial pH 6 within 1 h with over 70% of the dye (50 mg/L) degraded by extracellular enzymes and 18.8% removed by live mycelia. The degradation products of the dye were analyzed by UV-Vis and FTIR spectra. The decolorization rates of extracellular enzymes and mycelia were examined under different contact periods, dye concentrations and pH values. The extracellular enzymes exhibited excellent degradation activity under weak acidic conditions. In addition, biosorption models of mycelia fitted well the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. Although the decolorization process was achieved through the synergistic effects of mycelia and extracellular enzymes, decolorization was dominated by the biodegradation activity of the extracellular enzymes from TS-A.
Highlights
Azo dyes represent the majority of synthetic dyes in the textile industry and are used widely because of their wide spectrum of colors, facile attachment to fibers and low cost [1,2]
Filamentous fungi normally display biodegradation and biosorption activities because they contain a rich source of lignin modifying enzymes and a large specific surface area
The decolorization rate reached 98.6% when Mordant Yellow 1 (MY1) was incubated with the fermentation broth of TS-A, in which over 70% was achieved by extracellular enzyme degradation of MY1 and 18.8% of MY1 was removed by live mycelia
Summary
Azo dyes represent the majority of synthetic dyes in the textile industry and are used widely because of their wide spectrum of colors, facile attachment to fibers and low cost [1,2]. The discharge of dye wastewater into the environment is undesirable because the dyes possess intensive colors and are a serious health hazard [2,3] Synthetic dyes and their breakdown products present in textile industry wastewaters have become a major pollution source with about 280,000 tons of textile dyes discharged in such industrial effluents every year [4]. Fungi possess ligninolytic enzymes that degrade complex dyes, including laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) [10]. Among these ligninolytic enzymes, Lac is a copper-containing enzyme that oxidizes various benzene and non-benzene compounds using molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor [10,11]. MnP immobilized by chitosan achieved a 97.31% degradation rate
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