Abstract
Until recently the helmeted honeyeater Lichenostomus melanops cassidix was known from only two areas near the Dandenongs in Victoria. This paper records the probable extinction of populations in one of those areas, the Cardinia Creek system, and chronicles the gradual decline of the taxon in that area during this century. Some information on the ecology of birds in the colony is presented. It is suggested that the decline and extinction has resulted from changes in the drainage pattern of the creek which have affected susceptibility of Eucalyptus trees to attacks by psyllids. This has led in turn to expansion of range in another aggressive colonial species, the bell miner Manorina melanophrys, at the expense of the helmeted honeyeater.
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