Abstract
The present study shows that TiCxOy ceramics and TiCxOy-Fe cermets could be fabricated from nanocrystalline powders of TiC and TiC-Fe2O3. The ball-milled TiC contains a high amount of oxygen impurities, which are accommodated by the oxycarbide phase. Upon heating, oxycarbide partially decomposes via evolution of CO and promotes the reduction of Fe2O3 to a mix of Fe3O4/Fe starting from 400 °C. In the 550–700 °C range, Fe3O4 is converted to plain iron by oxidation of TiC, which increases the oxygen content in TiCxOy and leads to segregation of Ti4O7. At higher temperatures, oxide and oxycarbide phases of titanium continue to release CO, while Fe-based alloys melt at about 1400–1450 °C and facilitate densification. Depending on the starting content of Fe2O3, sintered samples demonstrate 0–24 vol% of metallic binder, 0.8–1.4 μm grains, hardness of 7–18 GPa and toughness of 4–8 MPa·m1/2.
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