Abstract
The Framingham study has followed a cohort of men and women, aged 29-62 when first seen, for 18 years. When two thousand, three hundred and thirty-six men were characterised by smoking status at entry, death-rates and coronary heart-disease (C.H.D.) attack-rates were found to be low for non-smokers, men smoking only cigars or pipes, and men smoking half a packet of cigarettes (i.e., 10) a day or less. Death and C.H.D. rates among men smoking more than 10 cigarettes a day at entry were distinctly higher. Furthermore, men who were cigarette smokers at entry who subsequently stopped had C.H.D. attack-rates which were half that experienced by those who continued to smoke. This difference was not explained by changes in coronary risk factors. Overall mortality was also lower in men who had given up smoking than in men who continued to smoke.
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