Abstract
Abstract To get a better understanding of structural deactivation of ZSM-5/MOR during the catalytic cracking of n-heptane in the steam atmosphere, a comprehensive mechanism of hydrothermal dealumination was proposed through in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) in this work. The mechanism can be divided into two steps: firstly, the hydrolysis of four Al O bonds, and secondly, the self-healing of Si OH bonds accompanied with partial condensation of the extra-framework Al species. Accordingly, the kinetics of dealumination process has also been fully discussed. In the IR spectra, the range of 3450–3850 cm− 1 could be deconvolved to distinguish the hydroxyl groups on the different position and calculate the consumption of each hydroxyl group during the reaction. Based on results from the in-situ DRIFTS, the kinetics of dealumination was hence developed and also in well agreement with the kinetics of deactivation of ZSM/MOR catalysts during the reaction in the presence of little coke deposits.
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