Abstract
Background. Cholangiocytes, the cells lining the biliary tree, are the target of cholangiopathies. In reaction to injury, cholangiocytes acquire a neuroendocrine-like phenotype, with synthesis and local release of neuropeptides and hormones (like VEGF and IGF-1). Such a transition regulates cholangiocyte response to injury and establishes cell-to-cell interactions. The mechanism that drives those phenotypical changes of cholangiocytes in response to injury is still unknown. Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox Gene-1 (PDX-1) is a transcription factor required for pancreatic neuroendocrine cell development, and sustains pancreatic beta-cell response to injury.
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