De-embedding Technique for Extraction and Analysis of Insulator Properties in Cables

This paper discusses the impact of manufacturing tolerances on the extracted material parameters for Millimeter-wave (mmWave) antenna-inion-package (AiP/AoP) through simulation. The T-resonator, difference length transmission lines (DLTL) method, and single patch antenna are used to extract the material characteristic of multi -layer substrate. Next, use stacking patch verify the extracted material parameters. Frequency shift is less than +/−100 MHz in the PP thickness +/−15um (+/−25%) process tolerance. Open-stub length variety of per 15um (1.02%) cause about 280MHz frequency shift. Core thickness variety of per 15um (6%) cause about 130MHz frequency shift. Patch size variety of per 25um (1%) cause about 240MHz frequency shift. From the simulated results can find out key point of affect which extracted material parameters. By the optical microscope (OM) measure the key points increase accuracy of extraction material parameters. Finally, this paper uses the extracted material Dk and OM measurement dimensions build simulation model in the ANSYS HFSS, the simulated S11 is close to measured results.

Complex permittivities were measured with the free space method from 18 to 110 GHz. Physiological saline and porcine blood ware measured. These measurement results were compared with those obtained from the coaxial probe method from 18 to 50 GHz. The measurement results were also compared with those derived from Cole-Cole models from 18 to 110 GHz. It is shown that differences in the measured complex permittivities between the free space method and the coaxial probe method were smaller than 10% from 18 to 50 GHz in both physiological water and porcine blood. Furthermore, the differences in the complex permittivities between the free space method and Cole-Cole models were smaller than 8% from 18 to 110 GHz. It was concluded that the free space method is an effective technique to determine complex permittivities of biological samples in the millimeter-wave frequency region.

This paper investigates electrical characterization (such as permittivity and permeability) of materials using the free space method. The technique employs a simulation design using full wave software CST consisted of two slotted patch antennas at 2.4 GHz and a slab of FR4 that has been placed in between of the antennas. The S parameters (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> and S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> ) were extracted from simulation and the electrical characteristics of FR4 were calculated using Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) and Smith methods. It comes to the knowledge that the NRW technique has limitation in terms of material thickness which affects the value of permittivity and permeability of materials. Thus, a comparison has been made between these two methods by varying the material thickness of FR4 versus its permittivity and permeability. The thickness was varied from 5mm to 60mm. It was observed that these two techniques produce similar values of permittivity and permeability when the thickness has been varied up to 50 mm but differs when it was greater than 50 mm. On top of that, this paper also investigates the slotted patch antenna as a potential of RF sensor to investigate the unknown materials at 2.4 GHz.

Approaches of automated evaluation of electromagnetic material parameters have received a lot of attention in the literature. Among others, one method is to retrieve the material parameters from the reflection and transmission measurements of the sample material. Compared to other methods, this is a rather wideband method, but suffers from an intrinsic limitation related to the electrical thickness of the measured material. In this letter, we propose a novel way to overcome this limitation. Although being based on the classical Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) technique, the proposed extraction technique does not involve any branch seeking and is therefore capable of extracting material parameters from samples thicker than λ/2, a measure that would otherwise cause problems in the NRW extraction technique. The proposed derivative of the NRW extraction technique is then used to study the effect of thermal noise on the extracted material parameters.

The free space method using a pair of lens antennas was modified for the complex permittivity measurement of biological samples from 20 to 110 GHz. Two methodologies were used to obtain the complex permittivities by the free space method, which were based on the reflection and transmission coefficients. The measurement results obtained with the two methodologies were compared with each other. The measured complex permittivities of the biological samples from the free space method were then compared with those measured using the coaxial probe method. Finally, the measurement data were also compared with those from measurement methods developed in past literatures.

Characterization of polymeric metal-insulator–semiconductor diodes

Electrical modeling of a full stack fluorescent top‐emitting white p‐i‐n OLED has been performed based on the extraction of material parameters from single carrier devices J‐V curves. Both Poole‐Frenkel and ECDM models have been used and compared at different temperatures. Simulation outputs match experiments and consistent behavior has been observed.

利用AlGaN薄膜透射谱提取材料参数的研究

Coupled strain-induced alpha to omega phase transformation and plastic flow in zirconium under high pressure torsion in a rotational diamond anvil cell

In this paper, we show that through electrical characterization and detailed quantum simulations of the capacitance-voltage and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, it is possible to extract a series of material parameters of alternative gate dielectrics. We have focused on HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and HfSi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Y</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z</sub> gate stacks and have extracted information on the nature of localized states in the dielectric responsible for a trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) current component and for the temperature behavior of the I-V characteristics. Simulations are based on a one-dimensional Poisson-Schroumldinger solver capable to provide the pure tunneling current and TAT component. Energy and capture cross section of traps responsible for TAT current have been extracted

Creating spin current under temperature gradient in magnetic devices has resulted in a new emerging field of spin caloritronics, but extraction of material parameters i.e. Seebeck coefficient and interpretation of thermal transport characteristics are still great challenges due to the thermal contact effect, especially in a wide temperature range. Because the heat-driven voltages do not depend on the change of magnetic states in spin valve, this could be used to obtain the accurate temperature difference applied on sample and exclude the thermal contact effect. Based on this calibration, the electrical and thermal spin transport behaviors in the in-plane FeCo/Cu/FeNi spin valve were systematically studied with various temperature. We observed that the Seebeck coefficients of spin valve was negative and spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient was proportional to the asymmetry parameter in a wide temperature range from 100 to 300 K, indicating that the spin-dependent thermal transports are closely related with electrical transports in the in-plane spin valve.

Measuring Cell Viscoelastic Properties Using a Microfluidic Extensional Flow Device

The extraction of material parameters from the given (or measured) input impedance of film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) using a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. After studying the effect of material parameter changes on impedance responses, resonance characteristics of FBARs are used to extract the material parameters. The extracted result agrees very well with the given material parameters.

A generalized method for the extraction of longitudinal parameters of materials in a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) is proposed in this brief. Based on the simplification of the equivalent circuit of a Mason model, a compact step impedance resonator (SIR) model without loss resistors or static capacitors is obtained. The resonance of the acoustic layer is also expressed through the resonance condition of a SIR model analytically. Innovatively, the simplified model is used to fit the parallel resonance frequency ( ${f} _{\mathrm{ p}}$ ) of different measured FBARs on a same wafer. Combined with the stack information of five cross section samples and the measured ${f} _{\mathrm{ p}}$ , longitudinal acoustic velocities and densities of AlN and Mo is extracted. The fitted resonance frequency of the simplified model is compared to the measured ${f} _{\mathrm{ p}}$ , and the maximum frequency offset is controlled within 6 MHz. In addition, the extracted material parameters are compared with the reference values and show great matching. This brief analytically reveals the correlation between material parameters and ${f} _{\mathrm{ p}}$ , and the proposed method is useful for accurate frequency fitting and parameter extraction.

We demonstrate a parameter extraction algorithm based on a theoretical transfer function, which takes into account a converging THz beam. We use material parameter extraction as a way to determine the angular profile of the apparatus.