Abstract
The piriformis syndrome is characterised by gluteal pain radiating into the posterior aspect of the legs, buttom and coccygeal region. The majority of cases are entrapment syndromes of the sciatic nerve, the inferior gluteal nerve and/or posterior cutaneous femoral nerve in the infrapiriform foramen. The most common causes are blunt gluteal traumas, hypertrophy of the piriform muscle and space-occupying processes. Not infrequently, the piriformis syndrome is misjudged as “pseudoradicular syndrome”, postlaminectomy syndrome” or “coccygodynia”. The diagnosis piriformis syndrome can be adequately and safely established by clinical and electroneurophysiological examinations and imaging modalities. A cheap and successful treatment option of the piriformis syndrome are CT-assisted injections of botulinum toxin into the piriform muscle.
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