D abstraction by H at a D-saturated Ru(0 0 1) surface

Abstract

D abstraction (ABS) by H at Ru(0 0 1) surfaces initially saturated with D adatoms has been investigated using in situ mass spectrometry. HD and D 2 desorption rates are measured at various surface temperatures T as a function of H exposure time. Yield of D 2 desorption increases with T, while that of HD is little affected. Analyzing the measured rate curves, HD and D 2 desorption orders are evaluated to be 1.7 ± 0.1 and 2.5 ± 0.1, respectively, with respect to D coverage θ D . To pursue the origin of the derived non-integral reaction orders the rate curves are further analyzed with the rate equations constructed to involve several ABS channels. Consequently, we find that the HD desorption is mainly governed by a second-order rate law in θ D rather than the conventional hot atom-mediated ABS reaction even when it is corrected to include an isotope effect on ABS. We argue that such second-order ABS kinetics becomes important when the H atoms in excited state of chemisorption have energetically relaxed to some extent, and thereby tend to reside at, e.g. hexagonal closed packed hollow sites, interacting with nearby adatoms. On the other hand, the D 2 rate curves can be fit with third-order kinetics, consistent with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism in a super-saturation state. The isotope effect plays an essential role in the ABS reaction of D abstraction by H which competes with H abstraction by H as D adatoms are replaced by H atoms.