Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) can be used as a cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and in immunomodulation. Pulp from human deciduous teeth can be stored as a source of SHED. Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are commonly used in restorative dentistry and in cavity lining. GICs have lower biocompatibility and are cytotoxic for dental pulp cells. In this study, seven commonly used GICs were tested for their cytotoxic effects on SHED, for their potential to arrest mitosis in cells and induce chromosome aberrations, and were compared with the effects of composite. Fuji II, Fuji VIII, Fuji IX, Fuji plus and Vitrebond had significantly higher cytotoxic effects on SHED than composite. Only SHEDs that have been treated with Fuji I, Fuji IX, Fuji plus and composite recovered the potential for proliferation, but no chromosome aberrations were found after treatment with GICs. The cytotoxic effects of GICs on SHEDs were in strong correlation with combined concentrations of released fluoride, aluminum and strontium ions. Fuji I exhibited the lowest activity towards SHEDs; it did not interrupt mitosis and did not induce chromosome aberrations, and was accompanied by the lowest levels of released F, Al and Sr ions. Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. ON175069, br. ON175071 i br. ON175103]
Highlights
The main function of dental pulp is the formation of dentin
We have previously reported the cytotoxic effects of Glass ionomer cements (GICs) on dental pulp stem cells (DPSC)
The results clearly show the cytotoxic activity of all tested GICs against stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)
Summary
The main function of dental pulp is the formation of dentin. Pulp continues to produce dentin in order to repair damage (Briso et al, 2006). For these reasons, it is important to protect the pulp during restorative dentistry, applying several layers of specific materials between the restorative material and the dental tissue (Briso et al, 2006; Modena et al, 2009). Conventional GICs have valuable advantages over other materials used in dentistry: low solubility, ability to release fluoride, good adhesion to dentin and coefficients of thermal expansion and elasticity modes similar to dentin (Maijer and Smith, 1998). Modified GICs have a very important disadvantage: reduction in biocompatibility due to the release of uncured monomers causing pulp irritation and higher cytotoxicity in comparison with conventional GICs (Stanley et al, 1967)
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