Abstract
A new flavonoid, macatanarin D (1), together with five known stilbenes (2-6), was isolated from fruit glandular trichomes of Macaranga tanarius. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and through comparison with data reported in the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against KB and MCF-7 cell lines. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 showed the strongest activities against both cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 0.03–0.12 μM, and compound 2 only showed a significant cytotoxicity against KB cell line (IC50 = 0.26 μM) and a moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 10.4 μM). Compounds 1 and 6 showed weak cytotoxic activities against KB cell line with IC50 values of 29.3 and 24.7 μM, respectively.
Highlights
Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) is a large genus of about 300 species mainly distributed in Southern Asia, of which 13 species are native to Vietnam [1, 2]
Macaranga tanarius is known as “Bach dan nam” in Vietnam. e dried roots are used as an emetic agent, whereas fresh leaves are used as an anti-inflammatory drug to heal wounds [10]
A previous chemical investigation of Macaranga tanarius fruits led to the isolation of seven new and six known prenylated stilbenes [11]
Summary
Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) is a large genus of about 300 species mainly distributed in Southern Asia, of which 13 species are native to Vietnam [1, 2]. A previous chemical investigation of Macaranga tanarius fruits led to the isolation of seven new and six known prenylated stilbenes [11]. It was demonstrated that vedelianin, one of the most potent cytotoxic metabolites of this chemical series, was located in the glandular trichomes present on the surface of fruits of this species [12]. Is result, combined with the highly cytotoxic activity of an AcOEt extract of glandular trichomes of Macaranga tanarius fruits, led us to further investigate chemically these epidermal outgrowths. We report the isolation of five known prenylated stilbenes (2–6) and the structure elucidation of the new flavonoid macatanarin D (1) and their cytotoxic activities against KB and MCF-7 cancer cell lines
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